CAJ | 학술논문

利用气象部门长期电线积冰观测和电力部门线路覆冰调查资料，对贵州冬季电线积冰的分布、类型特征与气象条件进行了综合分析，着重探讨了贵州电线积冰的形成机理和天气成因，主要结论：（1）贵州电线积冰的类型复杂多样，除具有雨凇、雾凇、雪凇（湿雪）三种基本类型外，还有雨雾混合凇、雨雪混合凇（雪凝）两种混合冻结类型；贵州电线积冰以危害最大的雨凇冰为主，混合冻结在贵州省分布十分普遍，这也是造成2008年贵州电网严重冰害的重要原因；（2）持续低温阴雨的凝冻天气是贵州电线积冰总的天气成因，其表现形式主要是冻雨但不局限于冻雨，此外还包括冻毛雨、雨夹雪、湿雪和过冷雾等多种天气现象，持续的凝冻天气过程往往有多种天气现象同时或交替出现，从而导致严重的覆冰灾害；（3）贵州电线积冰总体上属于较高环境温度下的低风速湿物理过程积冰，当地面气温持续降到0℃以下，出现降雨或浓雾是电线积冰开始与增长的关键气象条件，而最高温度上升到0℃以上是判断积冰转入消融的临界气象指标。
이용기상부문장기전선적빙관측화전력부문선로복빙조사자료，대귀주동계전선적빙적분포、류형특정여기상조건진행료종합분석，착중탐토료귀주전선적빙적형성궤리화천기성인，주요결론：（1）귀주전선적빙적류형복잡다양，제구유우송、무송、설송（습설）삼충기본류형외，환유우무혼합송、우설혼합송（설응）량충혼합동결류형；귀주전선적빙이위해최대적우송빙위주，혼합동결재귀주성분포십분보편，저야시조성2008년귀주전망엄중빙해적중요원인；（2）지속저온음우적응동천기시귀주전선적빙총적천기성인，기표현형식주요시동우단불국한우동우，차외환포괄동모우、우협설、습설화과랭무등다충천기현상，지속적응동천기과정왕왕유다충천기현상동시혹교체출현，종이도치엄중적복빙재해；（3）귀주전선적빙총체상속우교고배경온도하적저풍속습물리과정적빙，당지면기온지속강도0℃이하，출현강우혹농무시전선적빙개시여증장적관건기상조건，이최고온도상승도0℃이상시판단적빙전입소융적림계기상지표。
Using observation data of wires icing from meteorological stations and field investigation to pow-er line ice-coating from local electricity sections,this study comprehensively analyzes the properties,clas-sifications and distributions of wires icing in Guizhou Province as well as its weather conditions.Emphasis is placed on discussing the mechanisms of wires icing and its weather causes of formation.The results show that (1 )there are multiple types of wires icing in Guizhou Region.In addition to glaze,rime,and wet snow,mixed freezing types of freezing rain and fog,freezing rain and wet snow are common.Glaze dominates and mixed freezing prevails in mountainous areas,leading to severe wires icing disasters.(2 ) The freezing weather of continual low temperature and rainy days are the weather conditions of the forma-tion of wires icing,which includes freezing rain,freezing drizzle,sleet,wet snow and freezing fog.(3 ) Wires icing in Guizhou is generally controlled by moist physical processes with temperature below or near 0℃ and slow wind speed (<6 m · s-1 ).In most cases wires icing starts and grows under weathers of freezing rains when the temperature falls below 0℃.Therefore,air temperature below 0℃ and occurrence of freezing rain,freezing drizzle,freezing fog or sleet are important indicators to judge wires icing.