中国食物与营养
中國食物與營養
중국식물여영양
Food and Nutrition in China
2012年
5期
74-78
,共5页
李承坤%汪求真%韩秀霞%赵杰%王玉文%刘志芹%于涛%赵振蕾%陈沛学%董怀峰%蔡静%孙永叶%马爱国
李承坤%汪求真%韓秀霞%趙傑%王玉文%劉誌芹%于濤%趙振蕾%陳沛學%董懷峰%蔡靜%孫永葉%馬愛國
리승곤%왕구진%한수하%조걸%왕옥문%류지근%우도%조진뢰%진패학%동부봉%채정%손영협%마애국
结核病%膳食多样化评分%营养素%农村
結覈病%膳食多樣化評分%營養素%農村
결핵병%선식다양화평분%영양소%농촌
tuberculosis Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) nutrient rural area
目的：膳食营养可影响结核病发生发展和预后，本文调查结核病患者膳食营养素摄入状况及存在的问题，为指导患者合理营养膳食提供科学依据。方法：选取某农村地区结核病患者1955人为病例组，正常人群1955人为对照组，两组人群进行了良好的匹配，平均年龄、性别比例相近，生活习惯及家庭条件相似。应用食物频率表收集调查对象消费的食物种类，24h膳食回顾法收集调查对象膳食营养素摄入情况。结果：膳食调查结果显示，结核病患者每日能量和蛋白质摄入量分别为I712kCal和65．73g，仅达到推荐摄入量的71．55％和87．64％，且明显低于健康对照组人群的1855kCal（P〈0．001）和70．36g（P〈0．001）；一些维生素及矿物质每日摄入量也明显不足，其中结核病患者视黄醇和钙的摄入量仅分别为320．59μg视黄醇当量和295．69mg，为推荐摄入量40．08％和56．96％，也明显低于对照组平均水平（P均小于0．0001）。膳食多样化评分（DDS）结果显示，两组人群DDS评分均为6．51，日常饮食能保持7种及以上食物组成的人数比例病例组和对照组分别可达到52．94％和49．16％；而有5．78％结核病患者得分仅为5分，即日常饮食的食物种类只有5类，明显高于对照组人群的2．66％；2．10％结核病患者得分仅为2分，也明显高于对照组的1．18％，表明结核病患者膳食单调或种类单一。食物消费种类结果显示，结核病患者食物以谷类为主，可达gO％以上，鱼虾类和奶类消费率低，仅为25．58％和57．08％；同样的问题也存在于对照组人群。结论：农村结核病患者及健康人群能量、视黄醇、钙等营养素摄入量偏低，结核病患者不足更为突出，与膳食不平衡有关；建议积极改善营养及膳食结构，有效防治结核病。
目的：膳食營養可影響結覈病髮生髮展和預後，本文調查結覈病患者膳食營養素攝入狀況及存在的問題，為指導患者閤理營養膳食提供科學依據。方法：選取某農村地區結覈病患者1955人為病例組，正常人群1955人為對照組，兩組人群進行瞭良好的匹配，平均年齡、性彆比例相近，生活習慣及傢庭條件相似。應用食物頻率錶收集調查對象消費的食物種類，24h膳食迴顧法收集調查對象膳食營養素攝入情況。結果：膳食調查結果顯示，結覈病患者每日能量和蛋白質攝入量分彆為I712kCal和65．73g，僅達到推薦攝入量的71．55％和87．64％，且明顯低于健康對照組人群的1855kCal（P〈0．001）和70．36g（P〈0．001）；一些維生素及礦物質每日攝入量也明顯不足，其中結覈病患者視黃醇和鈣的攝入量僅分彆為320．59μg視黃醇噹量和295．69mg，為推薦攝入量40．08％和56．96％，也明顯低于對照組平均水平（P均小于0．0001）。膳食多樣化評分（DDS）結果顯示，兩組人群DDS評分均為6．51，日常飲食能保持7種及以上食物組成的人數比例病例組和對照組分彆可達到52．94％和49．16％；而有5．78％結覈病患者得分僅為5分，即日常飲食的食物種類隻有5類，明顯高于對照組人群的2．66％；2．10％結覈病患者得分僅為2分，也明顯高于對照組的1．18％，錶明結覈病患者膳食單調或種類單一。食物消費種類結果顯示，結覈病患者食物以穀類為主，可達gO％以上，魚蝦類和奶類消費率低，僅為25．58％和57．08％；同樣的問題也存在于對照組人群。結論：農村結覈病患者及健康人群能量、視黃醇、鈣等營養素攝入量偏低，結覈病患者不足更為突齣，與膳食不平衡有關；建議積極改善營養及膳食結構，有效防治結覈病。
목적：선식영양가영향결핵병발생발전화예후，본문조사결핵병환자선식영양소섭입상황급존재적문제，위지도환자합리영양선식제공과학의거。방법：선취모농촌지구결핵병환자1955인위병례조，정상인군1955인위대조조，량조인군진행료량호적필배，평균년령、성별비례상근，생활습관급가정조건상사。응용식물빈솔표수집조사대상소비적식물충류，24h선식회고법수집조사대상선식영양소섭입정황。결과：선식조사결과현시，결핵병환자매일능량화단백질섭입량분별위I712kCal화65．73g，부체도추천섭입량적71．55％화87．64％，차명현저우건강대조조인군적1855kCal（P〈0．001）화70．36g（P〈0．001）；일사유생소급광물질매일섭입량야명현불족，기중결핵병환자시황순화개적섭입량부분별위320．59μg시황순당량화295．69mg，위추천섭입량40．08％화56．96％，야명현저우대조조평균수평（P균소우0．0001）。선식다양화평분（DDS）결과현시，량조인군DDS평분균위6．51，일상음식능보지7충급이상식물조성적인수비례병례조화대조조분별가체도52．94％화49．16％；이유5．78％결핵병환자득분부위5분，즉일상음식적식물충류지유5류，명현고우대조조인군적2．66％；2．10％결핵병환자득분부위2분，야명현고우대조조적1．18％，표명결핵병환자선식단조혹충류단일。식물소비충류결과현시，결핵병환자식물이곡류위주，가체gO％이상，어하류화내류소비솔저，부위25．58％화57．08％；동양적문제야존재우대조조인군。결론：농촌결핵병환자급건강인군능량、시황순、개등영양소섭입량편저，결핵병환자불족경위돌출，여선식불평형유관；건의적겁개선영양급선식결구，유효방치결핵병。
[Objective] Diet nutrition can affect the development and prognosis of tuberculosis（TB）. This article surveyed the dietary nutrients intake condition of TB patients to provide a reasonable scientific basis for diet nutritional guidance and health promotion to the tuberculosis patients. [Method] Totally 1 955 patients with tuberculosis in rural areas were selected as the case group, 1955 normal people as the control group. These two groups were well matched, and the average age, gender ratio, lifestyle and the family conditions were similar. Collect food types using the investigation of dietary frequency and collect the dietary intake by recall method of 24h food intake. [Result] The daily energy and protein intakes of TB patients were 1 712 kcal and 65.73g, only 71.33% and 87.64% of the Recommended Nutrient Intakes, and were significantly lower than the healthy control group population 1 855 kcal （P 〈0.001） and 70.36g （P 〈0.001）. Some of the daily intakes of vitamins and minerals were clearly inadequate, the intakes of retinol and calcium in TB patients were only 320.59 ~t g retinol equivalent and 295.69mg, only 40.08% and 36.96% of the Recommended Nutrient Intakes, and were significantly lower than the average levels of the control group （P〈0.0001）. Dietary Diversity Score （DDS） showed that two groups DDS were 6.31, the daily diet could maintain 7 or more kinds of food composition ratio in cases and control groups, respectively, up to 52.94% and 49.16% . However, 5.78% of TB patients got 3 points, which meaned the types of food only 3 categories, significantly higher than control group population 2.66% , 2.10% of TB patients scored only 2 points, also significantly higher than control group population 1.18% , which indicated that the diet of TB patients was monotonous. Types of food consumption showed that food to TB patients was cereal-based, more than 90% , fish and shrimp and milk consumption was low, only 23.38% and 37.08% . The same problem also existed in the control group population. [Conclusion] Energy, retinol and calcium intakes were low in TB patients and healthy people in rural areas, which was more prominent for TB patients, and this was related with dietary imbalances. Diet structure should be improved for TB patients.
