CAJ | 학술논문

Melitz(2003)通过引入企业的生产率异质性，发现出口可以迫使行业内低效率的企业退出市场，继而通过行业内资源的重新配置实现行业总体生产率水平的提升。文章选取1999-2007年间中国制造业行业层面数据为样本，在分别运用索洛余值法、随机边界分析法(SFA)和数据包络分析法(DEA)对行业生产率水平进行测算的基础上，对贸易自由度与行业总体生产效率之间的关系进行经验检验，结果发现中国的出口对于行业加总的生产率水平的促进作用并不显著，没有明显证据表明异质性企业贸易理论提出的这一新的获得贸易利益的途径在中国的存在。最后，文章建议应该进一步消除各种阻碍自由贸易的壁垒，努力盈造行业内公平、有序的竞争氛围，继而获得由出口引致的通过行业内资源重新配置带来的贸易利得。
Melitz(2003)통과인입기업적생산솔이질성，발현출구가이박사행업내저효솔적기업퇴출시장，계이통과행업내자원적중신배치실현행업총체생산솔수평적제승。문장선취1999-2007년간중국제조업행업층면수거위양본，재분별운용색락여치법、수궤변계분석법(SFA)화수거포락분석법(DEA)대행업생산솔수평진행측산적기출상，대무역자유도여행업총체생산효솔지간적관계진행경험검험，결과발현중국적출구대우행업가총적생산솔수평적촉진작용병불현저，몰유명현증거표명이질성기업무역이론제출적저일신적획득무역이익적도경재중국적존재。최후，문장건의응해진일보소제각충조애자유무역적벽루，노력영조행업내공평、유서적경쟁분위，계이획득유출구인치적통과행업내자원중신배치대래적무역리득。
With the assumption of heterogeneous firms with productivity differences, Melitz(2003) proposed a new channel of trade gains namely the aggregate industry productivity can be improved considerably through inter-firm reallocation driven by export from the less productive firms to the more productive ones. Based on the aggregate industry productivity calculated by Solow Residuals Analysis, Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA) and Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA), this paper aims to test the relation-ship between aggregate productivity and trade openness with panel data selected at the industry level of China's manufacturing sector between 1999 and 2007. It is found that China's export is slightly irrelevant with the aggregate productivity increase and no obvious evidence in China substantiates the existence of the new channel of trade gains proposed by Melitz(2003). This paper , th-erefore, suggests that in order to achieve the improvement of aggregate industry productivity endogenously driven by export instead of technological progresses, the authority should strive for gradually eliminating current various unreasonable trade barriers , continuously facilitating the marketing system and cultivating an ambience for fair competition.