石油化工腐蚀与防护
石油化工腐蝕與防護
석유화공부식여방호
PETROCHEMICAL CORROSION AND PROTECTION
2012年
2期
27-30
,共4页
高酸原油%电脱盐%脱盐设备%脱金属剂%乳化液
高痠原油%電脫鹽%脫鹽設備%脫金屬劑%乳化液
고산원유%전탈염%탈염설비%탈금속제%유화액
high-TAN crude%electric desalting%desalter equipment%demetalization agent%emulsion liquid
对高酸原油电脱盐过程中存在的问题以及解决方案进行了阐述和总结。高酸油加工电脱盐存在的问题主要包括油水乳化严重、脱盐脱水不达标和脱盐电流大等。文章从电脱盐工艺条件、新设备和脱盐药剂等3个方面介绍了解决这些问题的方法。依据高酸原油密度大、酸值高、金属含量高的特点,应强化电脱盐工艺操作条件,适当提高温度、洗涤水注量及混合强度,并严格控制洗涤水pH值;设计原油直接进入电场区域以及脉冲供电电源、超声波辅助脱盐系统等可在一定程度上提高高酸油的脱盐效果;一些助剂如脱金属剂、润湿剂、沥青质分散剂,尤其是脱金属剂的应用能够明显改善油水乳化程度以及提高脱盐脱水率,使原油含水小于0.3%,盐的质量浓度小于2 mg/L。但仍需从高酸油形成乳化液的组成、形态及界面性质方面进行深入研究。
對高痠原油電脫鹽過程中存在的問題以及解決方案進行瞭闡述和總結。高痠油加工電脫鹽存在的問題主要包括油水乳化嚴重、脫鹽脫水不達標和脫鹽電流大等。文章從電脫鹽工藝條件、新設備和脫鹽藥劑等3箇方麵介紹瞭解決這些問題的方法。依據高痠原油密度大、痠值高、金屬含量高的特點,應彊化電脫鹽工藝操作條件,適噹提高溫度、洗滌水註量及混閤彊度,併嚴格控製洗滌水pH值;設計原油直接進入電場區域以及脈遲供電電源、超聲波輔助脫鹽繫統等可在一定程度上提高高痠油的脫鹽效果;一些助劑如脫金屬劑、潤濕劑、瀝青質分散劑,尤其是脫金屬劑的應用能夠明顯改善油水乳化程度以及提高脫鹽脫水率,使原油含水小于0.3%,鹽的質量濃度小于2 mg/L。但仍需從高痠油形成乳化液的組成、形態及界麵性質方麵進行深入研究。
대고산원유전탈염과정중존재적문제이급해결방안진행료천술화총결。고산유가공전탈염존재적문제주요포괄유수유화엄중、탈염탈수불체표화탈염전류대등。문장종전탈염공예조건、신설비화탈염약제등3개방면개소료해결저사문제적방법。의거고산원유밀도대、산치고、금속함량고적특점,응강화전탈염공예조작조건,괄당제고온도、세조수주량급혼합강도,병엄격공제세조수pH치;설계원유직접진입전장구역이급맥충공전전원、초성파보조탈염계통등가재일정정도상제고고산유적탈염효과;일사조제여탈금속제、윤습제、력청질분산제,우기시탈금속제적응용능구명현개선유수유화정도이급제고탈염탈수솔,사원유함수소우0.3%,염적질량농도소우2 mg/L。단잉수종고산유형성유화액적조성、형태급계면성질방면진행심입연구。
The problems and solution of electric desalting of high-TAN crudes were described and summarized.The main problems in electric desalting of high-TAN crudes were heavy emulsification of oil and water,off-specification of desalting and dehydration and high electric current required for desalting operation,etc.The solutions were explored in respect of desalting process conditions,new equipment and desalting agents.Based upon the characteristics of high density,high TAN and high metal content of crude oil,the desalting process conditions should be optimized,the desalting temperature be properly elevated,the water injection and mixing intensity be increased and pH valued be strictly controlled;The design of direct entering of crude oil into the electric field,the pulse power supply and auxiliary ultra-sonic desalting system can help to improve the desalting efficiency of high-TAN crude in certain degree;In addition,the application of assistant agents such as demetalization agent,moisturing agent and asphalt dispersion agent especially demetalization agent could remarkably reduce the emulsion of crude oil and water and improve the desalting and dehydration rates to lower the water and salt in crude oil to less than 0.3% and 2 mg/L respectively.The compositions,forms and interface properties of emulsified liquid from high-TAN crude oil need to be further studied.
