农学学报
農學學報
농학학보
Chinese Countryside Well-off Technology
2012年
1期
12-17
,共6页
烟粉虱%生物特性%种群数量%变动规律%影响因子
煙粉虱%生物特性%種群數量%變動規律%影響因子
연분슬%생물특성%충군수량%변동규률%영향인자
Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius))%Biological Characteristics%Population%Population Dynamics%Effect Factors
为了揭示外来入侵烟粉虱种群数量季节性消长和年度间变动规律,提高监测与防控水平,2005—2010年通过饲养观察以及采用塑料黄板涂抹机油系统诱集烟粉虱成虫等方法研究。结果表明,烟粉虱种群季节性消长呈双峰型曲线变化,其夏峰期在5月中旬至9月上旬,其夏峰量占当年总量的66.29%,其秋峰期在10月中旬至11月下旬,出现频率为50%,其秋峰量占当年总量的17.3%,随后转入大棚和温暖的露地越冬场所越冬,在露地越冬频率为20%;年度间种群运动呈二项式曲线变化：M露地=312.21N2-6187.1N＋30787（n=5,r=0.9834＊＊）,M大棚=564.7N2-10506N＋49013（n=5,r=0.9967＊＊）。影响种群变化主要有基数、气候、耕作和洪涝等,其中气温是关键因子,其烟粉虱虫口密度（M）随气温（T）的变化而变化,其线性关系模型为M=0.607T-4.0645,n=36;r=0.6826＊＊;其曲线关系模型为M=0.0071T2＋0.3513T-2.2188,n=36;r=0.6846＊＊,当旬平均气温在8～10℃时种群处存活临界状态,当旬平均气温在10～20℃时种群数量处低密度状态并呈低位运行,当旬平均气温处20℃以上时种群数量随气温升高而升高,当旬平均气温处30℃以上时种群数量呈回落态势。
為瞭揭示外來入侵煙粉虱種群數量季節性消長和年度間變動規律,提高鑑測與防控水平,2005—2010年通過飼養觀察以及採用塑料黃闆塗抹機油繫統誘集煙粉虱成蟲等方法研究。結果錶明,煙粉虱種群季節性消長呈雙峰型麯線變化,其夏峰期在5月中旬至9月上旬,其夏峰量佔噹年總量的66.29%,其鞦峰期在10月中旬至11月下旬,齣現頻率為50%,其鞦峰量佔噹年總量的17.3%,隨後轉入大棚和溫暖的露地越鼕場所越鼕,在露地越鼕頻率為20%;年度間種群運動呈二項式麯線變化：M露地=312.21N2-6187.1N＋30787（n=5,r=0.9834＊＊）,M大棚=564.7N2-10506N＋49013（n=5,r=0.9967＊＊）。影響種群變化主要有基數、氣候、耕作和洪澇等,其中氣溫是關鍵因子,其煙粉虱蟲口密度（M）隨氣溫（T）的變化而變化,其線性關繫模型為M=0.607T-4.0645,n=36;r=0.6826＊＊;其麯線關繫模型為M=0.0071T2＋0.3513T-2.2188,n=36;r=0.6846＊＊,噹旬平均氣溫在8～10℃時種群處存活臨界狀態,噹旬平均氣溫在10～20℃時種群數量處低密度狀態併呈低位運行,噹旬平均氣溫處20℃以上時種群數量隨氣溫升高而升高,噹旬平均氣溫處30℃以上時種群數量呈迴落態勢。
위료게시외래입침연분슬충군수량계절성소장화년도간변동규률,제고감측여방공수평,2005—2010년통과사양관찰이급채용소료황판도말궤유계통유집연분슬성충등방법연구。결과표명,연분슬충군계절성소장정쌍봉형곡선변화,기하봉기재5월중순지9월상순,기하봉량점당년총량적66.29%,기추봉기재10월중순지11월하순,출현빈솔위50%,기추봉량점당년총량적17.3%,수후전입대붕화온난적로지월동장소월동,재로지월동빈솔위20%;년도간충군운동정이항식곡선변화：M로지=312.21N2-6187.1N＋30787（n=5,r=0.9834＊＊）,M대붕=564.7N2-10506N＋49013（n=5,r=0.9967＊＊）。영향충군변화주요유기수、기후、경작화홍로등,기중기온시관건인자,기연분슬충구밀도（M）수기온（T）적변화이변화,기선성관계모형위M=0.607T-4.0645,n=36;r=0.6826＊＊;기곡선관계모형위M=0.0071T2＋0.3513T-2.2188,n=36;r=0.6846＊＊,당순평균기온재8～10℃시충군처존활림계상태,당순평균기온재10～20℃시충군수량처저밀도상태병정저위운행,당순평균기온처20℃이상시충군수량수기온승고이승고,당순평균기온처30℃이상시충군수량정회락태세。
In order to explore population dynamics of whitefly （Bemisia tabaci） in growing vegetables in the suburbs, and improve monitoring and control techniques, adult whitefly （Bemisia tabaci） were reared and trapped with oil painting yellow plastic plates during 2005-2010. It showed that annual population dynamics of whitefly might be described by bimodal curve, the summer peak usually appeared during mid-May and early September, and the autumn peak usually came between mid-October and late November. The adults could live in greenhouse for one year and had an overwintering rate of 20% in the open. Between the year to year movement of whitefly could be described by bimodal curve and the curve model was M o. = 312.21N 2 -6187.1N ＋ 30787 （ n=5 , r=0.9834 ＊＊ ） and M g. = 564.7 N 2 -10506N ＋ 49013 （ n=5 , r=0.9967 ＊＊ ） . There were four main factors affecting whitefly population, i.e., base population, climate, farming system and flood inundation, and the most important factor was temperature. The whitefly population density （ M ） was changed with temperature （ T ）, the linear relationship could be described by the model M=0.607T-4.0645, n=36; r=0.6826 ＊＊ , and the curve model was M = 0.0071T 2 ＋0.3513T-2.2188, n=36; r=0.6846 ＊＊ . When 10 days ’ average temperature was between 8-10℃ , the whitefly population was in survival critical situation. The population density was the small at the 10 days ’ average temperature of 10-20℃. When 10 days ’ average temperature was above 20℃, the population increased very fast with the increasing of temperature. However, the whitefly population decreased to a comparative bust at the 10 days ’ average temperature of above 30℃. Afterwards, the population increased to the peak again, and caused the heavy damage of autumn vegetable production.
