CAJ | 학술논문

试验采用L16（4^5）正交试验设计对马山县古寨乡喀斯特丘陵坡地麻竹林进行尿素、钙镁磷肥、沸石3种肥料的施肥试验，研究不同施肥组合对单株或单位面积的地上生物量分配影响。结果表明：施肥对提高新竹地上生物量具有一定的促进作用，以施用尿素500g＋钙镁磷肥1000g＋沸石5000g、钙镁磷肥4000g＋沸石5000礅果显著，且极显著高于不施用的处理，但在低P、低Si、元N或无P或无Si等3种情况下，杆重比例均为较低。各处理以竹秆所占的比例最大，为61．0％～88．8％，其次是枝。各器官比例与肥料施用比例没有直接的关系。初步认为，单株或单位面积地上部分总生物量、杆重达到较高时，秆、枝、叶较适合比例为73％～74％、18％～19％、8％。杆重比例的高低与单株或单位面积杆重、地上部分总生物量的关系无规律性，而单株杆重是影响单位面积杆重、地上部分总生物量的主要因子，随着各处理单株杆重增加，单株或单位面积地上部分总生物量也增加。枝、叶所占比例无规律变化，但各处理中杆、枝比例表现出高杆低枝或低杆高枝的趋势。杆、枝和地上部分总生物量的增减与叶量比例的关系无规律性变化，叶片数量对单株或单位面积的竹杆、竹枝和地上部分总生物量影响不显著，这可能与麻竹生物学特性有关。认为留好母竹，合理施用肥料是提高喀斯特丘陵坡地麻竹产量的最佳途径。
시험채용L16（4^5）정교시험설계대마산현고채향객사특구릉파지마죽림진행뇨소、개미린비、비석3충비료적시비시험，연구불동시비조합대단주혹단위면적적지상생물량분배영향。결과표명：시비대제고신죽지상생물량구유일정적촉진작용，이시용뇨소500g＋개미린비1000g＋비석5000g、개미린비4000g＋비석5000돈과현저，차겁현저고우불시용적처리，단재저P、저Si、원N혹무P혹무Si등3충정황하，간중비례균위교저。각처리이죽간소점적비례최대，위61．0％～88．8％，기차시지。각기관비례여비료시용비례몰유직접적관계。초보인위，단주혹단위면적지상부분총생물량、간중체도교고시，간、지、협교괄합비례위73％～74％、18％～19％、8％。간중비례적고저여단주혹단위면적간중、지상부분총생물량적관계무규률성，이단주간중시영향단위면적간중、지상부분총생물량적주요인자，수착각처리단주간중증가，단주혹단위면적지상부분총생물량야증가。지、협소점비례무규률변화，단각처리중간、지비례표현출고간저지혹저간고지적추세。간、지화지상부분총생물량적증감여협량비례적관계무규률성변화，협편수량대단주혹단위면적적죽간、죽지화지상부분총생물량영향불현저，저가능여마죽생물학특성유관。인위류호모죽，합리시용비료시제고객사특구릉파지마죽산량적최가도경。
To study the effect of different fertilizer combinations on distribution of new bamboo＇s aboveground biomass per plant or unit area, the L16 （4^5） orthogonal experiment design method was used for fertilizing experiment with three fertilizers （urea, calcium magnesium phosphate and zeolite） in Dendrocalarnus latiflorus forest of slope lands in Karst area of Guzhai township, Mashan county in Guangxi. The results showed that fertilization played certain promoting role in improving the above- ground biomass of new bamboo with the most obvious effect and very significantly higher than not applied processing when applying urea 500 g ＋ calcium magnesium phosphate 1 000 g ＋ zeolite 5 000 g, or calcium magnesium phosphate 4 000 g ＋ zeolite 5 000 g. But in these three cases （low P, low Si, no N or P or Si）, stem weight proportions were lower. The bamboo culm accounted for the largest hiomass proportion, which was 61.0 % -- 88.8 % in all treatments, followed by the branch. The proportion of each organ had no direct relation to proportion of applying fertilizers. It was considered that, while the part total biomass and stem weight per plant or unit area reached higher level, the suit- able proportions for culm, branch and leaf were 73 %-74 % for culm, 18 %--19 % for branch, and 8 % for leaf. The relationship between stem weight proportion and stem weight and the part total aboveground hiomass per plant or unit area was irregular. Stem weight per plant was the main factor to effect the stem weight and part total aboveground hiomass unit area. Part total aboveground biomass per plant or unit area increased with the increase of stem weight per plant in all treatments. Proportion of branch and leaf changed irregularly, but the proportion of culm and branch showed trend of high proportion of culm while low proportion of branch, or low proportion of culm while high proportion of branch in all treatments. The relationship between increase or decrease of stem, branch, part total aboveground biomass and leaf ratio was irregular. The effect of leaf number on bamboo culm, branch, and part total aboveground biomass per plant or unit area was less obvious, which could be related to the biological characteristics of Dendrocalamus latiflorus .We considered that the best way to improve the yield of Dendrocalarnus latiflorus on slope lands of karst was to leave suitable mother bamboo and reasonable application of fertilizers.