CAJ | 학술논문

目的对北京城市社区老年人认知能力和心理健康状况进行调查,为预防延缓空巢老人认知及情感障碍的发生提供参考.方法于2011年1月至2012年9月在北京国旺社区等8个社区招募符合条件的老年被试者入组,被试均为右利手,自愿参与实验并签署知情同意书.共有被试者1067人,其中空巢老人组839人,非空巢老人组228人.通过一般人口学调查表、神经心理测验量表和精神状态量表对老年人的认知能力及心理健康进行调查.结果空巢老人中高教育水平被试、婚姻状况良好的被试及男性被试者比例显著大于非空巢老人(T值/x2值分别为10.769、2.009、159.523,P＜0.05)；空巢老人与非空巢老人相比,总体认知能力无显著差异(F=5.541,P＞0.05),言语能力、工作记忆、注意执行能力以及生活总体感受、抑郁感方面有显著性差异(F值分别为7.203、4.436、8.806、5.541、5.578,P＜0.05).结论空巢老人的认知能力和心理健康状况与非空巢老人相比均有所下降.
목적 대북경성시사구노년인인지능력화심리건강상황진행조사,위예방연완공소노인인지급정감장애적발생제공삼고.방법 우2011년1월지2012년9월재북경국왕사구등8개사구초모부합조건적노년피시자입조,피시균위우리수,자원삼여실험병첨서지정동의서.공유피시자1067인,기중공소노인조839인,비공소노인조228인.통과일반인구학조사표、신경심리측험량표화정신상태량표대노년인적인지능력급심리건강진행조사.결과 공소노인중고교육수평피시、혼인상황량호적피시급남성피시자비례현저대우비공소노인(T치/x2치분별위10.769、2.009、159.523,P＜0.05)；공소노인여비공소노인상비,총체인지능력무현저차이(F=5.541,P＞0.05),언어능력、공작기억、주의집행능력이급생활총체감수、억욱감방면유현저성차이(F치분별위7.203、4.436、8.806、5.541、5.578,P＜0.05).결론 공소노인적인지능력화심리건강상황여비공소노인상비균유소하강.
Objective To investigate the cognitive ability and mental health status of the empty-nest elderly people lived in urban area of Beijing.Methods We recruited subjects from 8 communities in Beijing.1067 people were investigated,including 839 empty-nest elderly subjects and 228 not empty-nest elderly subjects.We used demography questionnaire and mental health scale to assess the cognitive ability and mental health of these elders.Results The subjects in the empty-nest elderly having high education,well-condition marriage and being male were more than those in the other group (T or x2=10.769,2.009,159.523,P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the global cognition between the two groups (F=5.541,P＞0.05).Among language ability,working memory,attention and executive function,the differences between these two groups were significant (F=7.203,4.436,8.806,P＜0.05).Compared with normal elderly subjects,empty-nest elderly subjects had higher scores in face scale and GDS scale (F=5.541,5.578,P＜0.05).Conclusion There are remarkable cognitive ability and mental health differences between empty-nest and not empty-nest elders.