中国农学通报
中國農學通報
중국농학통보
CHINESE AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE BULLETIN
2013年
12期
109-114
,共6页
彭银燕%黄运湘%尹力初%孙梅
彭銀燕%黃運湘%尹力初%孫梅
팽은연%황운상%윤력초%손매
水稻土%矿化氮量%全氮%碱解氮%供氮量%供氮率
水稻土%礦化氮量%全氮%堿解氮%供氮量%供氮率
수도토%광화담량%전담%감해담%공담량%공담솔
paddy soil%mineralizable N%total N%alkaline hydrolytic N%amount of N supply%rate of N supply
为探明湖南省稻田土壤氮素肥力及其矿化特征，选择长沙县3种母质类型发育的3种稻作制土壤，采用Waring和Bremner淹水密闭2周培养法（改进法）研究土壤矿化氮量，并预测土壤供氮能力。结果表明，土壤全氮和碱解氮分别变化于0.60~1.50 g/kg和84.10~182.70 mg/kg，呈正态分布。土壤矿化氮量的变化范围为24.53~84.61 mg/kg，与土壤全氮和土壤碱解氮含量之间有显著和极显著的正相关关系（r=0.492*，r=0.535**）。土壤氮矿化势(N0)的变化范围为65.70~170.09 mg/kg，矿化速率常数(c)在0.0083~0.0386之间。土壤供氮量为112.51~422.10 kg/hm2，供氮率为7.07%~23.53%。3种母质类型，以花岗岩风化物发育的水稻土供氮潜力最高，明显高于第四纪红土母质和河流冲积物发育的水稻土；3种稻作制，以水稻改旱作3~5年后的土壤供氮潜力最低，明显低于水旱轮作和双季稻田土壤。
為探明湖南省稻田土壤氮素肥力及其礦化特徵，選擇長沙縣3種母質類型髮育的3種稻作製土壤，採用Waring和Bremner淹水密閉2週培養法（改進法）研究土壤礦化氮量，併預測土壤供氮能力。結果錶明，土壤全氮和堿解氮分彆變化于0.60~1.50 g/kg和84.10~182.70 mg/kg，呈正態分佈。土壤礦化氮量的變化範圍為24.53~84.61 mg/kg，與土壤全氮和土壤堿解氮含量之間有顯著和極顯著的正相關關繫（r=0.492*，r=0.535**）。土壤氮礦化勢(N0)的變化範圍為65.70~170.09 mg/kg，礦化速率常數(c)在0.0083~0.0386之間。土壤供氮量為112.51~422.10 kg/hm2，供氮率為7.07%~23.53%。3種母質類型，以花崗巖風化物髮育的水稻土供氮潛力最高，明顯高于第四紀紅土母質和河流遲積物髮育的水稻土；3種稻作製，以水稻改旱作3~5年後的土壤供氮潛力最低，明顯低于水旱輪作和雙季稻田土壤。
위탐명호남성도전토양담소비력급기광화특정，선택장사현3충모질류형발육적3충도작제토양，채용Waring화Bremner엄수밀폐2주배양법（개진법）연구토양광화담량，병예측토양공담능력。결과표명，토양전담화감해담분별변화우0.60~1.50 g/kg화84.10~182.70 mg/kg，정정태분포。토양광화담량적변화범위위24.53~84.61 mg/kg，여토양전담화토양감해담함량지간유현저화겁현저적정상관관계（r=0.492*，r=0.535**）。토양담광화세(N0)적변화범위위65.70~170.09 mg/kg，광화속솔상수(c)재0.0083~0.0386지간。토양공담량위112.51~422.10 kg/hm2，공담솔위7.07%~23.53%。3충모질류형，이화강암풍화물발육적수도토공담잠력최고，명현고우제사기홍토모질화하류충적물발육적수도토；3충도작제，이수도개한작3~5년후적토양공담잠력최저，명현저우수한륜작화쌍계도전토양。
In order to investigate the characteristic of N fertility and N mineralization in paddy soil of Hunan Province, waterflooded incubation two weeks (improved method) was proposed by Waring and Bremer to study the N mineralization characteristic of three rice based cropping systems paddy soil derived from three kinds of type of parent material in Changsha County, also forecasted the nitrogen supplying capacity of soil. The results showed that, total N and alkaline hydrolytic N of tested soil respectively varied from 0.60-1.50 g/k and 84.10-182.70 mg/kg, and showed normal distribution. The mineralizable N of tested soil varied from 24.53-84.61 mg/kg, there was significantly positive correlation between the mineralizable N and total N (r=0.492*), and extremely significantly positive correlation between the mineralizable N and alkaline hydrolytic N (r=0.535**). The potentially mineralizable N of tested soil varied from 65.70-170.09 mg/kg, and the mineralization rate constant (c) varied from 0.0083-0.0386. The amount of N supply forecasted in tested soil was 112.51-422.10 kg/hm2, and the rate of N supply was 7.07%-23.53%. Among three kinds of parent material, the N supply potentiality of tested soil derived from granite weathered material was obviously higher than that of the soil derived from the quaternary red clay and river alluvium; among three based cropping systems, the N supply potentiality in tested soil of rice field transform upland field in 3-5 years was obviously lower than that soil of rice field-upland field rotation and double cropping rice.
