CAJ | 학술논문

为构建河南省淮河流域内伏牛山区的主要植被类型在生态恢复过程中的演替序列，选取了登封市、鲁山县、确山县和泌阳市4个典型地点，利用空间代替时间方法调查了不同演替系列的主要群落类型，采用排序并结合演替度、分层频度等分析方法构建了该区域的演替序列。结果表明：河南省淮河流域伏牛山区生态恢复过程中的植被群落可分为5种类型，即生态林封禁抚育群落、灌草坡封禁保护群落、梯田耕作经济林群落、梯田经济林弃耕群落、禁牧禁樵生态林群落；群落稳定性大小依次为栎类林、经济林与人工针叶林；植被演替可构建为自然恢复、人工种植后的自然恢复、人工经济林、进展与逆行等4个演替序列；其基本序列可识别为草丛、灌丛、人工林、经济林弃耕恢复林、栎类幼龄林、栎类中龄林等，演替度平均值分别为1.06、5.33、6.19、11.09、12.86、12.26；阔叶树种通常具有较大的分层频度，表明其良好的进展性与稳定性，以其为主要种类所构成的群落类型基本上均处于演替序列中的后期阶段；因此，可以将阔叶林以及特殊条件下的人工林设定为该区域生态恢复的目标植被类型。将几种演替分析方法综合运用，可以较全面地从区域微观尺度上揭示植被的演替过程，能较好地阐明植被演替过程；研究结果可以为生态恢复过程中植被动态与水文生态功能动态相关性、流域生态功能区划、生态恢复目标的制定与过程设计、以及流域生态保护策略制定等提供依据。
위구건하남성회하류역내복우산구적주요식피류형재생태회복과정중적연체서렬，선취료등봉시、로산현、학산현화비양시4개전형지점，이용공간대체시간방법조사료불동연체계렬적주요군락류형，채용배서병결합연체도、분층빈도등분석방법구건료해구역적연체서렬。결과표명：하남성회하류역복우산구생태회복과정중적식피군락가분위5충류형，즉생태림봉금무육군락、관초파봉금보호군락、제전경작경제림군락、제전경제림기경군락、금목금초생태림군락；군락은정성대소의차위력류림、경제림여인공침협림；식피연체가구건위자연회복、인공충식후적자연회복、인공경제림、진전여역행등4개연체서렬；기기본서렬가식별위초총、관총、인공림、경제림기경회복림、력류유령림、력류중령림등，연체도평균치분별위1.06、5.33、6.19、11.09、12.86、12.26；활협수충통상구유교대적분층빈도，표명기량호적진전성여은정성，이기위주요충류소구성적군락류형기본상균처우연체서렬중적후기계단；인차，가이장활협림이급특수조건하적인공림설정위해구역생태회복적목표식피류형。장궤충연체분석방법종합운용，가이교전면지종구역미관척도상게시식피적연체과정，능교호지천명식피연체과정；연구결과가이위생태회복과정중식피동태여수문생태공능동태상관성、류역생태공능구화、생태회복목표적제정여과정설계、이급류역생태보호책략제정등제공의거。
To understand succession sere of main vegetations in ecological restoration process in Funiu mountainous region in Huaihe River reaches, we surveyed the main communities in 4 selected typical sites in Dengfeng City, Lushan County, Queshan County and Beiyang City, Henan Province, using the spatial-temporal substitution method. The ordination method, index of succession degree and stratification frequency was used to analyze the succession sere. The results showed that the main ecological restoration vegetations can be classified into 5 types, i.e. enclosure and banned ecological tending forest community, enclosure and banned sloppy shrub or grass community, terraced farming economic forest community, abandoned terraces farming economic forest community, banned grazing and firewood ecological forest community, and the community stability order is oak forest, economic forest and artificial planted coniferous forest. Succession sere can be divided into 4 types including natural restoration sere, natural restoration after artificial planting sere, artificial planted economic forest sere and progressive or retrogressive sere. The basic sere can be identified as grass community, shrub community, man planted forest stand, natural restoration stand of abandoned artificial planted economic forest, young Quercus spp. stand, and middle aged Quercus spp. stand, their average index of succession degree were 1.06, 5.33, 6.19, 11.09, 12.86 and 12.26, respectively. The deciduous trees have higher stratification frequency, better progressive and stable characteristics, which indicted the community composed mainly with these deciduous trees is the latter process in the restoration sere. Thus, deciduous trees, or some artificial planted forest in certain conditions can be defined as the ecological restoration target in this region. This paper studied the vegetable succession process using comprehensive methods at micro-scale, which can demonstrated the vegetable succession further. The result could be applied as a basic support for the study of vegetation succession and its hydro-ecological relationship, river reaches ecological regionalization, restoration aim and procedure design, and ecological conservation strategy establishing.