CAJ | 학술논문

“生活史理论”认为，植物可利用的资源总量是有限的，在植物的不同功能之间存在着此消彼长的权衡关系。入侵植物的生长和化学防御一般优于本地植物，那么其生长与化学防御之间是否存在权衡及其权衡关系怎样，目前尚不清楚。以广东省3种菊科入侵植物[三裂叶蟛蜞菊（Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.）、飞机草（Eupatorium odoratum）和薇甘菊（Mikania micrantha）]为研究对象，并分别以近缘或伴生的本地植物[蟛蜞菊（Wedelia chinenses）、华泽兰（Eupatorium chinense）和鸡矢藤（Paederia scandens）]为对照，研究入侵植物的生长特性（相对生长率和比叶面积）与化学防御物质（缩合单宁和总酚）含量，并基于这2种光合碳分配的主要形式，探讨入侵植物生长与化学防御之间的权衡关系。结果表明：3种入侵植物的相对生长率均高于本地对照种；薇甘菊的比叶面积大于对照种，而其他2种无明显优势。薇甘菊和三裂叶蟛蜞菊的缩合单宁显著高于对照种，飞机草的总酚含量高于对照种。我们的结果显示，入侵植物的生长和化学防御均优于本地植物，但它们的碳同化能力相近；因此，入侵植物特殊的内在资源分配与利用机制可能是其成功入侵的关键。
“생활사이론”인위，식물가이용적자원총량시유한적，재식물적불동공능지간존재착차소피장적권형관계。입침식물적생장화화학방어일반우우본지식물，나요기생장여화학방어지간시부존재권형급기권형관계즘양，목전상불청초。이광동성3충국과입침식물[삼렬협팽기국（Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.）、비궤초（Eupatorium odoratum）화미감국（Mikania micrantha）]위연구대상，병분별이근연혹반생적본지식물[팽기국（Wedelia chinenses）、화택란（Eupatorium chinense）화계시등（Paederia scandens）]위대조，연구입침식물적생장특성（상대생장솔화비협면적）여화학방어물질（축합단저화총분）함량，병기우저2충광합탄분배적주요형식，탐토입침식물생장여화학방어지간적권형관계。결과표명：3충입침식물적상대생장솔균고우본지대조충；미감국적비협면적대우대조충，이기타2충무명현우세。미감국화삼렬협팽기국적축합단저현저고우대조충，비궤초적총분함량고우대조충。아문적결과현시，입침식물적생장화화학방어균우우본지식물，단타문적탄동화능력상근；인차，입침식물특수적내재자원분배여이용궤제가능시기성공입침적관건。
A universal theory in ecology is that the allocations of limited resources to growth and defense are trade-off, while this theory appeared not to hold for invasive plants according to the previous studies. In this study, three invasive Asteraceae plant species in the Guangdong province i.e., Eupatorium odoratum, Mikania micrantha, Wedelia trilobata, and their congeneric or co-occurring native plant species i.e., Eupatorium chinensis, Paederia scandens, Wedelia chinensis were used to detect if there is a trade-off between growth and chemical defenses on the basis of carbon allocation, and investigate the trade-off relations between them. All the three invasive Asteraceae had higher relative growth rate (RGR) as compared to their related native counterparts, and M. micrantha had higher specific leaf area (SLA) as well. Two invasive Asteraceae (i.e., M. micrantha and W. trilobata) had higher condensed tannin content, while the other invasive species E. odoratum had higher total phenolics content, as compared to their native species. Our results indicate that the invasive plants have similar carbon assimilation but different carbon allocations between the growth and chemical defense, thus implying that the special underlying carbon utilization mechanism may be a key for their successful invasions.