CAJ | 학술논문

[目标]研究蔬菜间作及氮肥调控对土壤硝酸盐及氮素表观损失的影响，为菜地合理施肥及减少环境污染提供理论依据。[方法]采用大田试验方法，选择深根系的茄子和浅根系的大葱进行间作种植，并辅以氮素调控措施，研究其对土壤硝态氮时空变异规律及氮素表观损失的影响；[结果]在减量施肥条件下，土壤硝酸盐运移和累积的规律均为间作区含量低于单作区，表明与单作相比，茄子与大葱间作能有效阻截硝酸盐的向下淋洗，并有效减少土壤中硝酸盐累积量。间作种植模式下，减量施肥能够减少土壤中硝酸盐含量，特别是深层土壤，在作物生长期间，硝酸盐含量均比常规施肥区明显降低；土壤剖面硝酸盐累积量也表现为减量施肥区明显低于常规施肥区。采用蔬菜间作和减量施肥，均能不同程度地减少氮素的表观损失。[结论]该研究结果为蔬菜高产种植及田间合理施肥奠定了基础，在减少环境污染上有重要意义。
[목표]연구소채간작급담비조공대토양초산염급담소표관손실적영향，위채지합리시비급감소배경오염제공이론의거。[방법]채용대전시험방법，선택심근계적가자화천근계적대총진행간작충식，병보이담소조공조시，연구기대토양초태담시공변이규률급담소표관손실적영향；[결과]재감량시비조건하，토양초산염운이화루적적규률균위간작구함량저우단작구，표명여단작상비，가자여대총간작능유효조절초산염적향하림세，병유효감소토양중초산염루적량。간작충식모식하，감량시비능구감소토양중초산염함량，특별시심층토양，재작물생장기간，초산염함량균비상규시비구명현강저；토양부면초산염루적량야표현위감량시비구명현저우상규시비구。채용소채간작화감량시비，균능불동정도지감소담소적표관손실。[결론]해연구결과위소채고산충식급전간합리시비전정료기출，재감소배경오염상유중요의의。
[Objective] The aim was to investigate effect of intercropping and nitrogen regulation on nitrate and apparent loss of nitrogen, providing theoretical references for reasonable fertilization and pollution reduction. [Method] In the research, deeprooted eggplants and shallow-rooted scallions were intercropped with nitrogen regulat- ed to study on effect of the cropping system on temporal and spatial changes of ni- trate nitrogen and apparent loss of nitrogen. [Result] When the fertilizers were re- duced, contents of nitrate were less in intercropped field than that in mono-cropped one, indicating that eluviation of nitrate would be blocked and nitrate accumulation would be lowered effectively by intercropped eggplants and scallions. With intercrop- ping adopted, the reduced fertilizers would lower nitrate content in soil, deep soil in particular, and nitrate was significantly lower than that fertilized with conventional quantity during vegetable growth period. In addition, nitrate accumulation in soil profiles was also significantly shorter in field applied with reduced fertilizers than that with conventional one. It was shown that intercropping and fertilizer reduction would both cut apparent loss of nitrate down in varying degrees. [Conclusion] The research lays basis for high production of vegetables, reasonable fertilization and pollution reduction.