干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2014年
4期
70-77
,共8页
环青海湖地区%土壤水分%草地%农田%动态变化
環青海湖地區%土壤水分%草地%農田%動態變化
배청해호지구%토양수분%초지%농전%동태변화
the region around Qinghai Lake%soil moisture%grassland%farmland%dynamic change
对环青海湖地区天然草地和农田土壤重量含水率年际、年代际和年内动态变化进行气候趋势系数法、气候倾向率法和变异系数法等分析，结果表明：环青海湖地区天然草地与农田同期土壤含水率年际变化趋势相反。1997年以来，0～50 cm土壤含水率年际变化农田呈显著或极显著增大趋势，增大幅度3．062％·10 a-1～10．848％·10a-1；天然草地土壤含水率均呈减少趋势，减少速率中间土层快上下慢，但趋势不显著；20世纪末本世纪初和2004-2010年两个时段农田土壤含水率增大，天然草地土壤含水率减少趋势极显著体现在前一阶段，而近年来增减趋势不显著，各层次土壤含水率平均值均大于前一阶段，但牧草生长高峰期夏季变小。农田和草地土壤含水率年内变化相同，春季土壤含水率相对较高，其后极显著下滑，农田由于耕作性失墒等影响，土壤含水率下滑幅度大于草地。
對環青海湖地區天然草地和農田土壤重量含水率年際、年代際和年內動態變化進行氣候趨勢繫數法、氣候傾嚮率法和變異繫數法等分析，結果錶明：環青海湖地區天然草地與農田同期土壤含水率年際變化趨勢相反。1997年以來，0～50 cm土壤含水率年際變化農田呈顯著或極顯著增大趨勢，增大幅度3．062％·10 a-1～10．848％·10a-1；天然草地土壤含水率均呈減少趨勢，減少速率中間土層快上下慢，但趨勢不顯著；20世紀末本世紀初和2004-2010年兩箇時段農田土壤含水率增大，天然草地土壤含水率減少趨勢極顯著體現在前一階段，而近年來增減趨勢不顯著，各層次土壤含水率平均值均大于前一階段，但牧草生長高峰期夏季變小。農田和草地土壤含水率年內變化相同，春季土壤含水率相對較高，其後極顯著下滑，農田由于耕作性失墑等影響，土壤含水率下滑幅度大于草地。
대배청해호지구천연초지화농전토양중량함수솔년제、년대제화년내동태변화진행기후추세계수법、기후경향솔법화변이계수법등분석，결과표명：배청해호지구천연초지여농전동기토양함수솔년제변화추세상반。1997년이래，0～50 cm토양함수솔년제변화농전정현저혹겁현저증대추세，증대폭도3．062％·10 a-1～10．848％·10a-1；천연초지토양함수솔균정감소추세，감소속솔중간토층쾌상하만，단추세불현저；20세기말본세기초화2004-2010년량개시단농전토양함수솔증대，천연초지토양함수솔감소추세겁현저체현재전일계단，이근년래증감추세불현저，각층차토양함수솔평균치균대우전일계단，단목초생장고봉기하계변소。농전화초지토양함수솔년내변화상동，춘계토양함수솔상대교고，기후겁현저하활，농전유우경작성실상등영향，토양함수솔하활폭도대우초지。
The methods of climate tendency coefficient , climate tendency rate and coefficient of variation were adopted to analyze the interannual ,interdecadal and annual dynamic changes of soil moisture content in natural grassland and farmland in the region around Qinghai Lake .The results showed that the annual variation trend of soil moisture con-tent in natural grassland and farmland during same period was contrary .Since 1997 ,the annual variation of soil moisture content in 0~50 cm in farmland presented a significant or extremely significant increasing trend which ranged from 3 .062% ·10a-1 to 10 .848% ·10a-1 ,while that in natural grassland presented an insignificant decreasing trend whose rate was high at the middle stage and low at the early and late stage .The soil moisture content was increased at the turn of 20th and 21st century and during the years from 2004 to 2010 .The decreasing trend of soil moisture content in natural grassland was remarkably reflected in the previous stage ,and there was no obvious increase or decrease in recent years . The average value of soil moisture content in various depths was wholly greater than that in the previous stage ,but it be-came small in summer when was the growth peak period of grass .The seasonal change of soil moisture content in grass-land and farmland was the same .It was relatively high in spring and then became decreased obviously .The decreasing range of soil moisture content in farmland was larger than that in grassland because of cultivability loss of water .
