新疆环境保护
新疆環境保護
신강배경보호
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION OF XINJIANG
2012年
1期
40-46
,共7页
土地利用%动态变化%景观格局指数%石羊河流域
土地利用%動態變化%景觀格跼指數%石羊河流域
토지이용%동태변화%경관격국지수%석양하류역
land use%dynamic change%landscape pattern index%Shiyang River Basin
根据1999年和2010年两期影像数据,在遥感软件EDARS IMAGINE9.1的支持下对图像进行技术处理,通过计算机自动分类方法提取土地利用信息,将石羊河流域土地利用类型分为耕地、草地、林地、建筑用地、水域及未利用地,同时利用数学模型和景观生态学理论,分析了石羊河流域土地利用变化的时空特征和格局变化。研究结果表明,1999-2010年间耕地和未利用地的面积变化最大,变化量占到总流域面积的比例分别为3.94%和2.42%;水域、林地、耕地的土地利用动态度明显,依次为3.06%,1.82%和1.12%;11年间草地、耕地和水域的流转较为剧烈,变化速率较快;11年间石羊河流域的土地利用偏离度为持续缓慢下降的趋势,下降幅度达到0.04,土地利用活动对自然景观的干预趋于缓和;景观优势度增大,景观多样性和景观均匀度有所减少,人类活动对景观格局影响明显;人口、经济因素和政策因素在短时间尺度上对土地利用变化的影响较为显著。
根據1999年和2010年兩期影像數據,在遙感軟件EDARS IMAGINE9.1的支持下對圖像進行技術處理,通過計算機自動分類方法提取土地利用信息,將石羊河流域土地利用類型分為耕地、草地、林地、建築用地、水域及未利用地,同時利用數學模型和景觀生態學理論,分析瞭石羊河流域土地利用變化的時空特徵和格跼變化。研究結果錶明,1999-2010年間耕地和未利用地的麵積變化最大,變化量佔到總流域麵積的比例分彆為3.94%和2.42%;水域、林地、耕地的土地利用動態度明顯,依次為3.06%,1.82%和1.12%;11年間草地、耕地和水域的流轉較為劇烈,變化速率較快;11年間石羊河流域的土地利用偏離度為持續緩慢下降的趨勢,下降幅度達到0.04,土地利用活動對自然景觀的榦預趨于緩和;景觀優勢度增大,景觀多樣性和景觀均勻度有所減少,人類活動對景觀格跼影響明顯;人口、經濟因素和政策因素在短時間呎度上對土地利用變化的影響較為顯著。
근거1999년화2010년량기영상수거,재요감연건EDARS IMAGINE9.1적지지하대도상진행기술처리,통과계산궤자동분류방법제취토지이용신식,장석양하류역토지이용류형분위경지、초지、임지、건축용지、수역급미이용지,동시이용수학모형화경관생태학이론,분석료석양하류역토지이용변화적시공특정화격국변화。연구결과표명,1999-2010년간경지화미이용지적면적변화최대,변화량점도총류역면적적비례분별위3.94%화2.42%;수역、임지、경지적토지이용동태도명현,의차위3.06%,1.82%화1.12%;11년간초지、경지화수역적류전교위극렬,변화속솔교쾌;11년간석양하류역적토지이용편리도위지속완만하강적추세,하강폭도체도0.04,토지이용활동대자연경관적간예추우완화;경관우세도증대,경관다양성화경관균균도유소감소,인류활동대경관격국영향명현;인구、경제인소화정책인소재단시간척도상대토지이용변화적영향교위현저。
Technical treatment on the image was made by using sensing software EDARS IMAGINE9.1 and combined with the two group image data of the year 1999 and 2000.Through extracting land use information from the remotely sensed imagery automatically and computer automatically classification method,land use type of Shiyang River Basin was divided into six types,which are respectively cultivated land,grassland,forest land,building site,waters and unutilized land.The temporal and spatial features and pattern change of land use in Shiyang River Basin were analyzed by using mathematical model and landscape ecology theory.The results show that the area of cultivated land and unutilized land changed most greatly with the changing rate of 3.94% and 2.42% respectively,which were proportions of account for total river area form 1999 to 2010.The dynamic degree of land use on waters,forest land and building site were significantly and were in the order of 3.06%,1.82% and 1.12%.During 11 years,the circulation of grassland,cultivated land,and waters had been violently and their changing speed had been fast;the deviation degree of land use had descended continually and slowly with declining 0.04.The results show that the intervention of land use activity with natural landscape tended to mitigation,the landscape dominance increased and landscape evenness decreased.Human activities have significant influences on landscape pattern.In addition,population,economy factors and policy factors have all significant influences on land use change on a relatively short time scale.
