CAJ | 학술논문

文章研究了聚甲基丙烯酸酯（PMA）降凝剂的选择性和降凝机理,在工业上所生产的诸多油品中,从PMA12酯开始到PMA18酯均存在着自己的选择性和降凝范围,而这种性能只与油品的倾点相关。油品的分子量、黏度、蜡分子量和蜡含量只影响降低倾点的幅度（ΔT）大小,而与选择何种PMA并无关系。从PMA12开始出现的脆点反常升高来源于侧链产生的结晶,正是这种侧链结晶使PMA具有了降凝效果,而其降凝范围就是从侧链结晶温度附近开始到从油中析出点结束。这种降凝机理与传统的吸附理论不同,是由于在侧链结晶温度时,PMA在油中也产生侧链结晶而形成梳子状结构,此时油品析出的蜡进入了PMA梳状结构中,产生共晶变成小的蜡晶种,这就防止了蜡进一步形成大片结晶,从而起到降凝的效果。共晶的最好证明就是有侧链结晶的PMA降低了油品的浊点。不同倾点的油品有其最佳降凝效果的PMA醇链,两者之间的线性关系很好。通过不同醇链甲基丙烯酸酯单体的共聚可以为不同倾点的油品量身定做最好的PMA降凝剂,这是因为共聚得到了满足所需要的侧链结晶温度和析出温度的要求,从而达到最佳的降凝效果。
문장연구료취갑기병희산지（PMA）강응제적선택성화강응궤리,재공업상소생산적제다유품중,종PMA12지개시도PMA18지균존재착자기적선택성화강응범위,이저충성능지여유품적경점상관。유품적분자량、점도、사분자량화사함량지영향강저경점적폭도（ΔT）대소,이여선택하충PMA병무관계。종PMA12개시출현적취점반상승고래원우측련산생적결정,정시저충측련결정사PMA구유료강응효과,이기강응범위취시종측련결정온도부근개시도종유중석출점결속。저충강응궤리여전통적흡부이론불동,시유우재측련결정온도시,PMA재유중야산생측련결정이형성소자상결구,차시유품석출적사진입료PMA소상결구중,산생공정변성소적사정충,저취방지료사진일보형성대편결정,종이기도강응적효과。공정적최호증명취시유측련결정적PMA강저료유품적탁점。불동경점적유품유기최가강응효과적PMA순련,량자지간적선성관계흔호。통과불동순련갑기병희산지단체적공취가이위불동경점적유품량신정주최호적PMA강응제,저시인위공취득도료만족소수요적측련결정온도화석출온도적요구,종이체도최가적강응효과。
PMA12 to PMA18 has been widely used as pour point depressant in industrial base oil, and each PMA has its own selectivity and effective range based only on the pour point of base oil itself. The selectivity of Polymethacrylate (PMA) pour point depressants and their depression mechanism were investigated. The base oil molecular weight, wax content and wax MW only affect their depression extent not which PMA is most effective. From PMA12 and above the brit- tle point abnormal increased because of the side chain crystallized occurred. This side chain crystallinity makes those PMA have the ability to depress the pour point of the oil. And their depression range began at this side chain crystallized tempera- ture nearby and ended at the temperature of separated from the oil. The depression mechanism of PMA is different from the traditional absorption mechanism. When the temperature is closed to the PMA side chain crystallized temperature even in the oil solution those PMA begin to form a comb shape side chain crystal. In the meantime when the initial small wax crystal comes out from oil will be captured into this already existing PMA comb and co - crystallized occurred and become a small wax crystal seed. This would prevent it from the wax crystal growing into flake shape large crystals so as to depress the pour point. The good proof of this co - crystallization occurrence are those PMA could decrease the cloud point of the tested oil. Different pour point oil has its favorite side chain length of alcohol in PMA. The oil pour point and the favorite side chain has very good correlation with R2 =0. 9707. With this equation we could tailor make a best effective PMA depressant for a designated pour point oil by co- polymerization of different methacrylate monomer with different ratio. And this new co - polymer has a new side chain crystallized temperature as well as a new separated out temperature, which you are aiming at.