CAJ | 학술논문

纯粹的农民社会能不能达成民主？一般认为,在农民＂市民化＂之前,即被普遍的市场联结为横向平等的市民身份之前,农民并不能成为民主的动力和社会基础。但也有人认为,希腊的城邦民主是个特例,它是一群农民在城邦条件下建立并维系的民主。本文则证明,古代希腊的农民同历史上其他时期的农民一样,既相互隔绝、保守、愚昧,又不能自救,而且处于城市经济不间断的侵蚀之中。把民主与这样的农民联系在一起等于说民主可以代表落后的政治形态。即便特定的历史条件把农民客观上推到了社会的主导地位,比如在古代城邦条件下,土地所有者是城邦的当然公民,也绝不可能按照民主的原则组织政治生活。所谓古希腊的＂农民民主＂只是乌托邦理念在历史上的投影。
순수적농민사회능불능체성민주？일반인위,재농민＂시민화＂지전,즉피보편적시장련결위횡향평등적시민신빈지전,농민병불능성위민주적동력화사회기출。단야유인인위,희석적성방민주시개특례,타시일군농민재성방조건하건립병유계적민주。본문칙증명,고대희석적농민동역사상기타시기적농민일양,기상호격절、보수、우매,우불능자구,이차처우성시경제불간단적침식지중。파민주여저양적농민련계재일기등우설민주가이대표락후적정치형태。즉편특정적역사조건파농민객관상추도료사회적주도지위,비여재고대성방조건하,토지소유자시성방적당연공민,야절불가능안조민주적원칙조직정치생활。소위고희석적＂농민민주＂지시오탁방이념재역사상적투영。
Could a peasants＇ society have realized democracy It is usually taken as a rule that peasants could not become the motive force or social foundation before they become civilians or absolutely related to market.However,Greek polis democracy is sometimes regarded as an exception to the rule,which was felt to be established and sustained by peasants under the special circumstances of polis.This thesis endeavors to prove that the peasants of ancient Greece,like any ones in the course of history,were both mutually isolated,conservative,innocent,not self-saved,and under the ongoing erosion of urban economy.Linking democracy with such peasants is to say that democracy represents backward ideology.Even specific historical conditions push peasants onto social dominance,e.g.in old city states where the land owners are the natural citizens,political life still could not be organized by democratic principles.Therefore,the so called ＂peasants democracy＂ in ancient Greece is merely some reflection of Utopian notion on history.