CAJ | 학술논문

年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)不仅是发达国家，而且也是发展中国家主要的、不可逆的致盲眼病。过去的十多年中，新生血管性AMD（湿性AMD）的治疗方法已经发生了巨大变化。然而，以黄斑地图样萎缩为特征的非新生血管性AMD（干性AMD）仍然无有效的治疗方法。干细胞科学最新进展证实：RPE细胞能够以共培养或特定诱导因子从干细胞分化获得。同时，研究显示RPE细胞移植能够维持模型动物的视功能。更重要的是，美国FDA已经批准一些基于干细胞的RPE移植临床试验，而且得到了令人鼓舞的成果。这篇综述将重点从RPE细胞诱导方法、细胞活体移植研究、临床试验及存在的问题等方面加以综述。
년령상관성황반변성(AMD)불부시발체국가，이차야시발전중국가주요적、불가역적치맹안병。과거적십다년중，신생혈관성AMD（습성AMD）적치료방법이경발생료거대변화。연이，이황반지도양위축위특정적비신생혈관성AMD（간성AMD）잉연무유효적치료방법。간세포과학최신진전증실：RPE세포능구이공배양혹특정유도인자종간세포분화획득。동시，연구현시RPE세포이식능구유지모형동물적시공능。경중요적시，미국FDA이경비준일사기우간세포적RPE이식림상시험，이차득도료령인고무적성과。저편종술장중점종RPE세포유도방법、세포활체이식연구、림상시험급존재적문제등방면가이종술。
Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of irreversible visual impairment in the developed and developing countries. The management of neovascular AMD (wet AMD) showed remarkable progression in the past decade. However, nonneovascular AMD (dry AMD) characterized by geographic macular atrophy still cannot be cured. Recently, it is demonstrated that retinal pigment cells may be generated from the stem cells by defined factors or cell co-culturing. Studies also showed cell transplantation may restore visual function in vivo. Moreover, several clinical trails approved by the FDA have showed the promising prospect in stem cells-based therapies in dry AMD. This review will focus on recent advances in stem cell-based RPE differentiation, cell transplantation, clinical trials and the obstacles that must be overcomed for stem cell therapy in dry AMD.