河南理工大学学报:自然科学版
河南理工大學學報:自然科學版
하남리공대학학보:자연과학판
JOURNAL OF HENAN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
2012年
5期
525-532
,共8页
牛永斌%钟建华%段宏亮%江胜国
牛永斌%鐘建華%段宏亮%江勝國
우영빈%종건화%단굉량%강성국
柴达木盆地%石炭系%烃源岩
柴達木盆地%石炭繫%烴源巖
시체목분지%석탄계%경원암
Qaidam Basin%carboniferous%source rocks
柴达木盆地石炭系暗色泥岩、灰岩、煤及炭质泥岩均较发育.大量区域地质调查结合露头和井下样品的地球化学分析表明,石炭系烃源岩主要为暗色泥岩和灰岩.暗色泥岩有机碳含量介于0.13%~3.25%,平均1.14%,有机质类型以Ⅲ型为主,局部见II型,为中-好的烃源岩;灰岩有机碳含量介于0.02%~0.88%,平均0.23%,有机质类型以Ⅱ型为主,为差-中等的烃源岩.依据镜质体反射率、岩石最大热解温度和生物标志物分析,认为石炭系烃源岩总体处于成熟-过成熟阶段.靠近山前的莲花山、都兰等地区因构造作用造成烃源岩动力变质,热演化程度较高,处于生干气阶段;盆内石灰沟、城墙沟、旺尕秀和扎布萨尕秀等地区烃源岩镜质体反射率和岩石最大热解温度中等,正处于成熟阶段的生、排烃高峰期.石炭系烃源岩的总体评价表明具有良好的油气勘探前景,有可能是继第四系、古近纪-新近纪、侏罗纪之后的第四大含油气系统.特别是德令哈断陷的石灰沟位于可鲁克构造内,圈闭完整,为油气运移的优势指向区,可作为下一步勘探的目标.
柴達木盆地石炭繫暗色泥巖、灰巖、煤及炭質泥巖均較髮育.大量區域地質調查結閤露頭和井下樣品的地毬化學分析錶明,石炭繫烴源巖主要為暗色泥巖和灰巖.暗色泥巖有機碳含量介于0.13%~3.25%,平均1.14%,有機質類型以Ⅲ型為主,跼部見II型,為中-好的烴源巖;灰巖有機碳含量介于0.02%~0.88%,平均0.23%,有機質類型以Ⅱ型為主,為差-中等的烴源巖.依據鏡質體反射率、巖石最大熱解溫度和生物標誌物分析,認為石炭繫烴源巖總體處于成熟-過成熟階段.靠近山前的蓮花山、都蘭等地區因構造作用造成烴源巖動力變質,熱縯化程度較高,處于生榦氣階段;盆內石灰溝、城牆溝、旺尕秀和扎佈薩尕秀等地區烴源巖鏡質體反射率和巖石最大熱解溫度中等,正處于成熟階段的生、排烴高峰期.石炭繫烴源巖的總體評價錶明具有良好的油氣勘探前景,有可能是繼第四繫、古近紀-新近紀、侏囉紀之後的第四大含油氣繫統.特彆是德令哈斷陷的石灰溝位于可魯剋構造內,圈閉完整,為油氣運移的優勢指嚮區,可作為下一步勘探的目標.
시체목분지석탄계암색니암、회암、매급탄질니암균교발육.대량구역지질조사결합로두화정하양품적지구화학분석표명,석탄계경원암주요위암색니암화회암.암색니암유궤탄함량개우0.13%~3.25%,평균1.14%,유궤질류형이Ⅲ형위주,국부견II형,위중-호적경원암;회암유궤탄함량개우0.02%~0.88%,평균0.23%,유궤질류형이Ⅱ형위주,위차-중등적경원암.의거경질체반사솔、암석최대열해온도화생물표지물분석,인위석탄계경원암총체처우성숙-과성숙계단.고근산전적연화산、도란등지구인구조작용조성경원암동력변질,열연화정도교고,처우생간기계단;분내석회구、성장구、왕소수화찰포살소수등지구경원암경질체반사솔화암석최대열해온도중등,정처우성숙계단적생、배경고봉기.석탄계경원암적총체평개표명구유량호적유기감탐전경,유가능시계제사계、고근기-신근기、주라기지후적제사대함유기계통.특별시덕령합단함적석회구위우가로극구조내,권폐완정,위유기운이적우세지향구,가작위하일보감탐적목표.
Carboniferous dark mudstone,limestone,coal and carbonaceous mudstone are well developed in Qaidam Basin.Based on the substantial regional geological surveys,studies of the outcrops and geochemical analysis of the organic matter,it indicates that Carboniferous source rocks are mainly dominated by dark mudstone and limestone.The total organic carbon content(TOC) of dark mudstone is between 0.13% and 3.25%,and averagely 1.14%.The organic matter of dark mudstone is mainly of Ⅲ type,and partly II type,which belongs to middle-good source rocks.The TOC content of limestone is between 0.02% and 0.88%,and averagely 0.23%.The organic matter of limestone is mainly of Ⅱtype,which belongs to poor-middle source rocks.Carboniferous source rocks are totally in the maturity and over-maturity stages according to the analyses about vitrinite reflectance(Ro),maximum pyrolysis temperature and biomarkers.In the areas that near the piedmont such as Lianhua Mt.and Dulan,etc,the source rocks occur dynamic metamorphism and have higher thermal evolution stage because of the regional tectonism,and source rocks are in the stage of dry gas generation.However,the vitrinite reflectance(Ro) and maximum pyrolysis temperature of source rocks is medium in the intra-basin areas such as Shihuigou,Chengqianggou,wanggaxiu and Zabusagaxiu,etc,and source rocks are in a peak time of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion.The organic matter source of limestone in the south margin is marine lower hydrobiont.The overall evaluations of carboniferous source rocks show that carboniferous in the area has good prospect for petroleum exploration.Probably,it is the fourth-largest petroleum system following the Eogene period,Jurassic period and Cretaceous period.Especially the Shihuigou area of Delingha Fault-Depression,which is in the Keluke structure,trap is complete,and the area locates in the dominant directional zone of hydrocarbon migration so that it can become the main target for further exploration in Qaidam Basin.