CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]为提高水稻产量和合理施肥提供理论依据。[方法]通过田间试验利用^15N示踪技术研究了不同栽培密度对水稻产量、氮素吸收、氮素来源和氮素平衡的影响。[结果]在30cm×30cm和40cm×40cm栽培密度下，水稻产量和氮素吸收量无显著差异，但是它们都显著地高于50cm×50cm栽培密度下的产量和氮素吸收量。水稻氮素口殷收量在112．3—162．7kg／hm。范围内变化。水稻吸收的氮素有1／3来源于当季所施肥料，2／3来源于土壤。水稻吸收、土壤残留和损失的^15N-肥料分别占总施肥量的16．3％-26．1％，17．0％-20．9％和53．0％-66、7％。大量的^15N-肥料在水稻生长期间损失。[结论]综合考虑水稻产量和环境保护，四川丘陵区水稻合理的栽培密度为30cm×30cm。
[목적]위제고수도산량화합리시비제공이론의거。[방법]통과전간시험이용^15N시종기술연구료불동재배밀도대수도산량、담소흡수、담소래원화담소평형적영향。[결과]재30cm×30cm화40cm×40cm재배밀도하，수도산량화담소흡수량무현저차이，단시타문도현저지고우50cm×50cm재배밀도하적산량화담소흡수량。수도담소구은수량재112．3—162．7kg／hm。범위내변화。수도흡수적담소유1／3래원우당계소시비료，2／3래원우토양。수도흡수、토양잔류화손실적^15N-비료분별점총시비량적16．3％-26．1％，17．0％-20．9％화53．0％-66、7％。대량적^15N-비료재수도생장기간손실。[결론]종합고필수도산량화배경보호，사천구릉구수도합리적재배밀도위30cm×30cm。
[Objective] The aim of this study was investigated the rice yield, nitrogen uptake and ^15-fertilizer fate at different transplanting density to provide scientific ba- sis for improving the yield of rice and applying reasonably fertilizer. [Method] A field experiment was carried out to study the effect of different transplanting density on rice yield, nitrogen （N） absorption, sources of N uptake by rice and the N balance in the plant-soil systems by using ^15-labelled urea. [Result] There were no significant differences in rice yields and total N uptakes by rice between treatments 30 cm × 30 cm and 40 cm × 40 cm, but the yield of rice and total N absorption in the two treatments were remarkably higher than those in 50 cm × 50 cm treatment. The amounts of total N uptake by rice were in the range of 112.3-162.7 kg/hm2 in the three transplanting densities. The result showed that about 1/3 of the total N uptake by rice was supplied by application fertilizer and the other 2/3 was obtained from the soil N pool. The ^15N-labelled urea absorbed by rice, residual in soil and lost accounted for 16.3%-26.1%, 17.0%-20.9% and 53.0%-66.7% of the total fertilizer, respectively. A great deal of ^15N-labelled urea was lost during the rice growing season. [Conclusion] Considering the rice yield and environmental protection, the transplanting density of 30 cm×30 cm was recommended in the hilly area of Sichuan basin in the southwest China.