CAJ | 학술논문

[目的]筛选南大洋抗植物病原真菌活性菌株并对其进行系统发育分析及抑菌谱研究。[方法]活性菌株筛选和抑菌谱研究采用平板扩散法，系统发育分析采用Mega4．0软件的邻接法。[结果]以尖刀镰孢菌为指示菌，从第27次南极科考采取的南大洋海水样品中筛选到20株活性菌株。分子鉴定与系统发育分析研究表明，2株活性菌株属于嗜冷杆菌（Psychrobacter），2株属于假单胞菌（Pseudomonas），16株属于假交替单胞菌（Pseudoalteromonas）。对4株具有较强抑菌活性的菌株的抑菌谱研究表明，菌株312—1、83—1、195对尖刀镰孢菌、辣椒疫霉、大丽轮枝菌、番茄早疫病菌、瓜亡革菌、水稻纹枯病菌、芦笋茎枯病菌均具有明显的抑菌效果；除水稻纹枯病菌外，312—2对其他6种植物病原真菌也均有明显的抑菌活性。[结论]4株具有较强抑菌活性的菌株具有较高的研究与开发价值。
[목적]사선남대양항식물병원진균활성균주병대기진행계통발육분석급억균보연구。[방법]활성균주사선화억균보연구채용평판확산법，계통발육분석채용Mega4．0연건적린접법。[결과]이첨도렴포균위지시균，종제27차남겁과고채취적남대양해수양품중사선도20주활성균주。분자감정여계통발육분석연구표명，2주활성균주속우기랭간균（Psychrobacter），2주속우가단포균（Pseudomonas），16주속우가교체단포균（Pseudoalteromonas）。대4주구유교강억균활성적균주적억균보연구표명，균주312—1、83—1、195대첨도렴포균、랄초역매、대려륜지균、번가조역병균、과망혁균、수도문고병균、호순경고병균균구유명현적억균효과；제수도문고병균외，312—2대기타6충식물병원진균야균유명현적억균활성。[결론]4주구유교강억균활성적균주구유교고적연구여개발개치。
[Objective] The aim was to isolate the strains resistant to plant pathogenic fungi from Southern Ocean and study their phylogenetic relationship and antimicrobial spectrum. [Method] Agar diffusion method was adopted to screen antimicrobial strains and determine the antimicrobial spectrum. Phylogenetic relationship of the strains was analyzed by neighbor-joining method of the Mega 4.0 software. [Result] Twenty antimicrobial strains were screened from seawater of Southern Ocean collected during the 27^th Chinese Antarctic Scientific Expedition. Molecular identification and phyloge- netic analysis indicated that two antimicrobial strains were members of Pseu- domonas, two strains were members of Psychrobacter, and the other 16 trains were members of Pseudoalteromonas. The antimicrobial spectrum of four strains which had higher antimicrobial activity indicated that the strains 312, 83-1 and 195 greatly inhibited the growth of Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani K（Jhn, Phytophthora capsici Leonian, Verticillium dahliae, Alternaria solani, Thanatephoru scucumeris and Phomopsis asparagi （Sacc）; strain 312-1 had obvious antimicrobial effect on the six of the plant pathogens except R. solani. [Conclusion] Four strains which had higher antimicrobial effect were obtained and should be further studied for development and application.