CAJ | 학술논문

为评价超级杂交稻的米质，利用中国近年育成的49份超级杂交稻组合分析了10项米质性状及其优质达标率.结果表明，超级杂交稻10项米质性状的优质达标率为34．7％~100％，平均81．4％.其中，糙米率、精米率、整精米率、糊化温度、胶稠度和糙米蛋白质含量的优质达标率超过89％；广占63S、天丰 A 和培矮64S 所配组合具有较低垩白粒率和垩白度，较长(软)胶稠度和较低直链淀粉含量；两系超级杂交稻在垩白粒率、垩白度和直链淀粉含量上比三系超级杂交稻稍优.另一方面，整体上我国超级杂交稻的垩白粒率和垩白度仍偏高，优质达标率也较低.讨论了超级杂交稻米质改良的重点.
위평개초급잡교도적미질，이용중국근년육성적49빈초급잡교도조합분석료10항미질성상급기우질체표솔.결과표명，초급잡교도10항미질성상적우질체표솔위34．7％~100％，평균81．4％.기중，조미솔、정미솔、정정미솔、호화온도、효주도화조미단백질함량적우질체표솔초과89％；엄점63S、천봉 A 화배왜64S 소배조합구유교저성백립솔화성백도，교장(연)효주도화교저직련정분함량；량계초급잡교도재성백립솔、성백도화직련정분함량상비삼계초급잡교도초우.령일방면，정체상아국초급잡교도적성백립솔화성백도잉편고，우질체표솔야교저.토론료초급잡교도미질개량적중점.
To evaluate recent milled rice quality of the super hybrid rice in China,ten grain quality traits and their superior quality rates of 49 super rice hybrids have been analyzed.The results showed that the average superior quality rates of the ten grain traits of the tested super rice hybrids were 81 .4%,ranging from 34.7% to 100%.Among which, the brown rice rate,milled rice rate,head milled rice rate,gelatinization temperature,gel consistency and brown rice protein content had higher superior quality rates (> 89%).The super hybrids derived from the male sterile lines Guangzhan 63S,Tianfeng A or Peiai 64S had lower chalky grain percent,chalkiness degree and amylose content,as well as softer gel consistency.In general,the two-line super hybrids showed lower chalky grain percent,chalkiness degree and amylose content,as compared with the three-line super hybrids.It was noticed that the tested super rice hybrids showed not only higher chalky grain percent(44.9%)and chalkiness degree(9.7%),but also lower superior quality rates(34.7% and 5 1 .0%).The emphasis of improving rice quality for super hybrid rice was discussed.