CAJ | 학술논문

采用长期定位试验,研究了不同耕作措施对稻麦轮作农田土壤蓄水抗蚀性及作物产量的影响。试验设置麦稻双旋＋稻麦秸秆不还田(非保护性耕作对照,CK),麦稻双免＋稻麦秸秆还田(WRNT),麦免＋稻旋＋小麦秸秆还田(WNRCT)和麦稻垄作＋稻麦秸秆还田(WRRT)4个处理。研究结果表明,与对照相比,保护性耕作加强了0~10 cm 土层的蓄水能力；相关性分析表明,土壤蓄水能力与土壤团聚体平均质量直径呈显著负相关,抗蚀性与总孔隙度和毛管孔隙度呈显著正相关。免耕显著提高了土壤抗蚀性 K 值和抗蚀性指数。不同耕作措施对小麦产量的影响差异不显著,小麦产量以麦免＋稻旋处理最高,但小麦的稳产性以麦稻垄作＋水稻秸秆还田处理最高,麦稻双免次之。不同耕作措施对水稻产量的影响差异显著,水稻产量及产量稳定性都以麦免＋稻旋最高。不同的耕作措施对土壤性状和作物产量的影响存在差异。
채용장기정위시험,연구료불동경작조시대도맥륜작농전토양축수항식성급작물산량적영향。시험설치맥도쌍선＋도맥갈간불환전(비보호성경작대조,CK),맥도쌍면＋도맥갈간환전(WRNT),맥면＋도선＋소맥갈간환전(WNRCT)화맥도롱작＋도맥갈간환전(WRRT)4개처리。연구결과표명,여대조상비,보호성경작가강료0~10 cm 토층적축수능력；상관성분석표명,토양축수능력여토양단취체평균질량직경정현저부상관,항식성여총공극도화모관공극도정현저정상관。면경현저제고료토양항식성 K 치화항식성지수。불동경작조시대소맥산량적영향차이불현저,소맥산량이맥면＋도선처리최고,단소맥적은산성이맥도롱작＋수도갈간환전처리최고,맥도쌍면차지。불동경작조시대수도산량적영향차이현저,수도산량급산량은정성도이맥면＋도선최고。불동적경작조시대토양성상화작물산량적영향존재차이。
A long-term experiment was conducted to study the effects of tillage measures on soil water storage and corrosion resistance and crop yield under rice-wheat rotation.The treatments were wheat and rice double rotation with no straw returning (non conservation tillage control,CK ),wheat and rice no-tillage with wheat and rice straw returning (WRNT),wheat no-tillage and rice rotation with rice straw returning (WNRCT)and wheat and rice ridge no-tillage with wheat and rice straw returning (WRRT).The results showed that compared with the control, conservational tillage increased water storage capacity of 0 - 10cm soil layer.Correlation analysis showed that water storage capacity significantly negatively correlated with mean weight diameter of soil aggregates, soil corrosion resistance was positively correlated with total porosity and capillary porosity,no-tillage significantly increased soil erodibility K value and erodibility index.No significant effect of tillage treatment was noted on wheat yield.The highest wheat yield was obtained under WNRCT,while the yield stability under WRRT ranked first,followed by WRNT. Significant effect of tillage treatment was noted on rice yield and rice yield stability,with highest rice yield and rice yield stability under WNRCT.Effects of tillage treatments on soil properties and crop yield differed.