CAJ | 학술논문

为研究水体紊动对泥沙释放污染物的影响，引入近似均匀紊流模拟装置，开展不同强度紊动作用下泥沙运动释放磷动态过程及基本规律的试验，研究表明：紊动扩散作用对泥沙解吸释放磷有着十分重要的影响，紊动较弱时，泥沙尚未起动，床面泥沙颗粒吸附的磷元素解吸至孔隙水中，在垂向紊动扩散作用下输送至上覆水中，将使得上覆水中溶解态磷浓度增大；紊动作用较强时，泥沙逐渐悬扬至水体中，悬浮泥沙颗粒吸附的磷元素直接解吸至上覆水中，泥沙浓度越高，溶解态磷含量增长速率越大，达到平衡的时间越短。通过耦合紊流模型、水流泥沙数学模型、污染物对流扩散模型和 Langmuir 吸附动力学方程建立了紊动作用下泥沙释放磷的垂向一维数学模型，针对试验条件进行数值模拟，模拟结果与试验数据吻合较好，平均相对误差低于10%，可为模拟天然水体中泥沙悬浮释放磷的时空演化提供参考。
위연구수체문동대니사석방오염물적영향，인입근사균균문류모의장치，개전불동강도문동작용하니사운동석방린동태과정급기본규률적시험，연구표명：문동확산작용대니사해흡석방린유착십분중요적영향，문동교약시，니사상미기동，상면니사과립흡부적린원소해흡지공극수중，재수향문동확산작용하수송지상복수중，장사득상복수중용해태린농도증대；문동작용교강시，니사축점현양지수체중，현부니사과립흡부적린원소직접해흡지상복수중，니사농도월고，용해태린함량증장속솔월대，체도평형적시간월단。통과우합문류모형、수류니사수학모형、오염물대류확산모형화 Langmuir 흡부동역학방정건립료문동작용하니사석방린적수향일유수학모형，침대시험조건진행수치모의，모의결과여시험수거문합교호，평균상대오차저우10%，가위모의천연수체중니사현부석방린적시공연화제공삼고。
Nearly isotropic homogeneous turbulence in a water column was generated by an oscillating grid turbulence device. Effects of flow turbulence on phosphorus release from sediments were investigated. Results show that the turbulent diffusion was an important factor in phosphorus release from sediments. Under the low turbulent shear stress, sediments remained at the bottom of water body, and the phosphorus absorption onto bottom sediments released into the pore water. The phosphorus in pore water would be mixed into upper water due to the vertical turbulent diffusion to increase the concentration of phosphorus in the upper water column. While the higher turbulence intensity led to sediment suspension, the phosphorus adsorbed onto suspended sediments would be released into upper water directly through the desorption process. The dissolved phosphorus concentration increased and the equilibrium time decreased with increasing suspension-sediment concentration. Coupling the turbulence model, hydrodynamic and sediment transport model, convection-diffusion model and the Langmuir adsorption kinetics model, a one dimensional vertical numerical model was established to simulate dynamic processes of sediment transport and phosphorus release in the turbulent flow. The numerical results and the experimental data show an agreement and an average relative error of less than 10%. The model can be used to simulate phosphorus release processes in real environments.