CAJ | 학술논문

为了完善红香芋育苗技术体系，培育健壮幼苗，研究了基质配比、有机肥添加比例、营养钵体积等育苗关键因素对红香芋幼苗生长及球茎产量的影响。试验以地方品种“建昌红香芋”为材料，采用5种基质配比、3种商品有机肥添加比例以及4种营养钵体积进行试验处理，以幼苗生长状态及定植后芋球茎产量为评价指标。结果表明，草炭和蛭石按1∶1（体积比）比例混合的复合基质，因其持水孔隙比例高，保水性最好，所培育的幼苗株高、植株干重及根系活力均显著高于其它基质配比；随着复合基质中有机肥添加比例的增加，红香芋出苗速度减慢，基质中添加5％的有机肥（体积比）可提高幼苗的根系活力，增加叶面积及生物量积累。随着育苗营养钵体积增大，幼苗的株高、叶面积、根系活力及植株干物质积累均增加。幼苗移栽后的球茎产量测定表明，幼苗越健壮，获得的产量越高。上述结果说明，采用草炭和蛭石按1∶1（体积比）的比例配制的复合基质、基质中添加5％的有机肥（体积比）、体积为1500 cm3的营养钵（直径×高为12 cm ×13 cm）育苗，红香芋幼苗生长健壮，移栽后芋球茎产量高，可在芋头育苗栽培中应用。
위료완선홍향우육묘기술체계，배육건장유묘，연구료기질배비、유궤비첨가비례、영양발체적등육묘관건인소대홍향우유묘생장급구경산량적영향。시험이지방품충“건창홍향우”위재료，채용5충기질배비、3충상품유궤비첨가비례이급4충영양발체적진행시험처리，이유묘생장상태급정식후우구경산량위평개지표。결과표명，초탄화질석안1∶1（체적비）비례혼합적복합기질，인기지수공극비례고，보수성최호，소배육적유묘주고、식주간중급근계활력균현저고우기타기질배비；수착복합기질중유궤비첨가비례적증가，홍향우출묘속도감만，기질중첨가5％적유궤비（체적비）가제고유묘적근계활력，증가협면적급생물량적루。수착육묘영양발체적증대，유묘적주고、협면적、근계활력급식주간물질적루균증가。유묘이재후적구경산량측정표명，유묘월건장，획득적산량월고。상술결과설명，채용초탄화질석안1∶1（체적비）적비례배제적복합기질、기질중첨가5％적유궤비（체적비）、체적위1500 cm3적영양발（직경×고위12 cm ×13 cm）육묘，홍향우유묘생장건장，이재후우구경산량고，가재우두육묘재배중응용。
In order to improve taro seedling -raising technique system and nurture healthy seedlings , we studied the effects of some key factors such as substrate composition , organic fertilizer addition ratio and nutritional bowl volume on the seedling growth and corm yield of taro .Three experiments were conducted in the native taro cultivar “Hongxiangyu”, involving five substrate compo-sition ratios, three organic fertilizer addition ratios and four nutrition bowl volumes .The seedling growth status and corm yield of taro after transplanting were investigated .The results indicated that the compound substrate ( peat volume∶vermiculite volume =1∶1 ) presented the highest water -holding porosity ratio and the best water -holding capacity .Thus the taro seedling on this compound substrate had significantly higher plant height , plant dry weight and root activity than that on other substrates .The emergence speed of taro seedlings declined with the increase in organic fertilizer addition ratio .Adding 5%( v/v) of organic fertilizer into the com-pound substrate could enhance the root activity , total leaf area and biomass accumulation of taro seedlings .Along with the increase in nutrition bowl volume , the plant height , root activity , total leaf area and dry matter accumulation all increased .The transplanted taro seedlings with stronger growth vigor could be harvested higher corm yield .These results suggest that taro seedlings will present strong growth vigor and high corm yield after transplanting under the following cultivation conditions :compound substrate ( peat∶ver-miculite =1∶1), 5 percent of organic fertilizer addition ratio , nutrition bowl volume 1500 cm3 ( diameter ×height =12 cm ×13 cm) .