CAJ | 학술논문

与其他国家类似，中国正在进入城市化进程加速、工业化亟需改革的时期。环境污染、政治腐败和巨大的收入差距等问题促使这些改革发生。在一些地区，随着收入水平的不断提高，人们求闲、用闲的期望越来越高，休闲的供应也就成为改革的内容之一。休闲可能被理解为那些每天都会做，一般不会远离住宅且费用低廉的核心休闲活动；也可以被理解为平衡性活动，某些情况下，这些活动会涉及到差旅费和其他花销，例如，参加庆典或是高尔夫、游船之类的高档消费。到目前为止，政策方面更多关注平衡性休闲活动，特别是旅游。改革时代的到来，中国将需要更多地关注核心的休闲活动。在西方国家，这涉及到三种类型的组织---企业，政府和私营的、非营利性的公民组织。这三类组织对改革核心休闲都是必要的。提高核心休闲的措施有：政府要求房地产开发商为居民的休闲采取一些措施，如建造花园屋顶，预留居民休闲时使用的特殊房间或公寓，修建儿童游乐区。此外，政府可以在人们的生活区提供“便携式”休闲服务，如安装运动器材、儿童水喷头；鼓励教师在户外为人们提供非正式的艺术类课程和其他节目。城市空间的多种用途也非常重在一些时段，为体育运动或特殊事件关闭街道；平缓交通，这样人们可以更轻松地漫步休闲；户外区域既可以用来工作，也可以用来休闲。这些措施需要公民组织的发展，以及提供所在社区的休闲机遇。改善核心休闲机会，有利于改善人们的健康，提高人的综合素养和社会和谐指数。
여기타국가유사，중국정재진입성시화진정가속、공업화극수개혁적시기。배경오염、정치부패화거대적수입차거등문제촉사저사개혁발생。재일사지구，수착수입수평적불단제고，인문구한、용한적기망월래월고，휴한적공응야취성위개혁적내용지일。휴한가능피리해위나사매천도회주，일반불회원리주택차비용저렴적핵심휴한활동；야가이피리해위평형성활동，모사정황하，저사활동회섭급도차려비화기타화소，례여，삼가경전혹시고이부、유선지류적고당소비。도목전위지，정책방면경다관주평형성휴한활동，특별시여유。개혁시대적도래，중국장수요경다지관주핵심적휴한활동。재서방국가，저섭급도삼충류형적조직---기업，정부화사영적、비영리성적공민조직。저삼류조직대개혁핵심휴한도시필요적。제고핵심휴한적조시유：정부요구방지산개발상위거민적휴한채취일사조시，여건조화완옥정，예류거민휴한시사용적특수방간혹공우，수건인동유악구。차외，정부가이재인문적생활구제공“편휴식”휴한복무，여안장운동기재、인동수분두；고려교사재호외위인문제공비정식적예술류과정화기타절목。성시공간적다충용도야비상중재일사시단，위체육운동혹특수사건관폐가도；평완교통，저양인문가이경경송지만보휴한；호외구역기가이용래공작，야가이용래휴한。저사조시수요공민조직적발전，이급제공소재사구적휴한궤우。개선핵심휴한궤회，유리우개선인문적건강，제고인적종합소양화사회화해지수。
China is entering a period of reform similar to other nations which have urbanized and industrial-ized rapidly.Problems of pollution , corruption and huge income disparities drive such reforms .Provision for leisure will be part of this reform , based partly on rising income levels and increased expectations about ac-cess to and use of leisure.Leisure may be thought of as core leisure activities -those activities done in every-day life, usually in or near the home at no or low cost, and balance activities -those activities done occasion-ally, involving travel and other expenses, such as tourism or attending special celebrations or high status ac-tivity such as golf or boating.So far, in terms of policy, more attention has been paid to balance activities, particularly tourism .In the coming era of reform , China will need to pay more attention to core leisure activi-ties.In Western nations, this involves three types of organizations -corporations, government and private, non-profit citizen organizations .These three types of organizations are all necessary to reform core leisure . Among the steps which can be taken to improve core leisure are: government requirements that companies which construct housing make some provision for the leisure of residents , such as garden roofs, special rooms or apartments for leisure use of residents and play areas for children .Additionally , government can bring "portable"leisure services to the places people live, such as sports equipment, water sprinklers for children, teachers to provide informal art classes outside and other programs .Multiple uses of urban spaces will also help; closing streets for periods of time for sport or special events , calming traffic so people can walk for pleasure more easily , and the use of outdoor areas for both work and leisure .Doing this will require the de-velopment of citizen organizations and leisure opportunities offered for their own community .The benefits of improving core leisure opportunities are improved health , improved human complexity and more harmoniza-tion of society .