CAJ | 학술논문

　　暴雨扰动和径流冲刷是华南红壤坡地土壤侵蚀的主要动因，分析模拟降雨条件下华南红壤坡面的水流动力学特征对于揭示其内在机制以及构建物理模型具有重要的意义。通过室内35场不同雨强（30、60、90、120、180、210、270 mm·h-1）、不同坡度（5°、10°、15°、20°、25°）的人工模拟降雨试验，研究了华南红壤侵蚀的产流产沙过程、红壤侵蚀的水动力机制。试验结果表明：红壤坡面模拟降雨条件下，次降雨过程中，坡面产流过程同时受降雨及下垫面状况变化的共同影响作用，产流产沙均表现为波动变化过程。径流过程表现为初期0～10 min为波动增加过程，10 min以后径流量的波动逐渐趋于平稳；径流量与降雨强度间呈线性正相关关系，雨强越大侵蚀产流的径流量也越大；产沙过程表现为侵蚀发生的前期波动过程比较剧烈，随着侵蚀过程逐渐趋于稳定，侵蚀产沙量值逐渐趋于一个稳定值，总的来说大雨强下侵蚀产沙量趋于的稳定值也较大；对于不同坡度（5°、10°、15°、20°、25°）、30 mm·h-1的模拟降雨条件下，红壤坡面仅产生径流，而无侵蚀产沙。
　　폭우우동화경류충쇄시화남홍양파지토양침식적주요동인，분석모의강우조건하화남홍양파면적수류동역학특정대우게시기내재궤제이급구건물리모형구유중요적의의。통과실내35장불동우강（30、60、90、120、180、210、270 mm·h-1）、불동파도（5°、10°、15°、20°、25°）적인공모의강우시험，연구료화남홍양침식적산유산사과정、홍양침식적수동력궤제。시험결과표명：홍양파면모의강우조건하，차강우과정중，파면산류과정동시수강우급하점면상황변화적공동영향작용，산유산사균표현위파동변화과정。경류과정표현위초기0～10 min위파동증가과정，10 min이후경류량적파동축점추우평은；경류량여강우강도간정선성정상관관계，우강월대침식산류적경류량야월대；산사과정표현위침식발생적전기파동과정비교극렬，수착침식과정축점추우은정，침식산사량치축점추우일개은정치，총적래설대우강하침식산사량추우적은정치야교대；대우불동파도（5°、10°、15°、20°、25°）、30 mm·h-1적모의강우조건하，홍양파면부산생경류，이무침식산사。
Storm rainfall and water flushing are two major factors on red soil erosion processes in South China. It is very important for us to build a physical erosion model that analyzing erosion flow hydraulics on red soil slope in South China under simulated rainfall condition. Flume experiments with seven rainfall intensities (30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 210, 270 mm·h-1), five slope gradients (5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°), and total 35 times experiments were conducted to evaluate their interaction effect on runoff and sediment on such soil slope in the laboratory. Results indicated that rainfall intensity and slope angle play important roles on runoff and sediment transport. Both runoff generation and sediment yield are fluctuated processes changes with time. Runoff rate fluctuated heavy at the stage of duration changes from 0 to 15 min, and keep a relatively stable stage after 15minutes later for all experiments. There is a good relationship between runoff amount and rainfall intensity. Runoff amount increases as rainfall intensity increases. The rainfall intensity is higher and the sediment load under steady condition is larger. When the rainfall intensity is 30 mm·h-1, although we change slope gradients from 5° to 25°, there is only runoff generation and no sediment yield for all experiments.