CAJ | 학술논문

为解决宁夏南部山区旱地马铃薯养分资源管理存在的问题。2012年，采用农户抽样调查方法，分析评价了3个县区100户宁夏南部山区旱地马铃薯的施肥现状和产量情况。结果表明，宁夏南部山区马铃薯当季纯N，P2O5，K2O平均总用量分别为249，95，60 kg/hm2，其中，N、P2O5养分输入以化肥为主（分别占57%和69%），而K2O输入以有机肥为主（占98%以上）。氮肥基施和追施平均用量分别为196和53 kg/hm2，基追比约为8︰2。施氮量与产量分布不同步，施氮200~300 kg/hm2的农户数最多（占36%），但其平均产量仅12.7 t/hm2。随着施磷量的增加，马铃薯平均产量提高。随着施钾量的增加，马铃薯的产量呈先增加后降低的趋势，施K2O 100~150 kg/hm2的平均产量最高（达16.6 t/hm2）。58%的旱地马铃薯种植户氮肥总投入过量，50%以上的磷肥和钾肥用量不足。因此，宁夏南部山区马铃薯要遵循有机无机配施，控氮、增磷、补钾的原则，有机肥用量为22.5~30.0 t/hm2，化肥N、P2O5、K2O用量分别不超过150，90，40 kg/hm2为宜。
위해결저하남부산구한지마령서양분자원관리존재적문제。2012년，채용농호추양조사방법，분석평개료3개현구100호저하남부산구한지마령서적시비현상화산량정황。결과표명，저하남부산구마령서당계순N，P2O5，K2O평균총용량분별위249，95，60 kg/hm2，기중，N、P2O5양분수입이화비위주（분별점57%화69%），이K2O수입이유궤비위주（점98%이상）。담비기시화추시평균용량분별위196화53 kg/hm2，기추비약위8︰2。시담량여산량분포불동보，시담200~300 kg/hm2적농호수최다（점36%），단기평균산량부12.7 t/hm2。수착시린량적증가，마령서평균산량제고。수착시갑량적증가，마령서적산량정선증가후강저적추세，시K2O 100~150 kg/hm2적평균산량최고（체16.6 t/hm2）。58%적한지마령서충식호담비총투입과량，50%이상적린비화갑비용량불족。인차，저하남부산구마령서요준순유궤무궤배시，공담、증린、보갑적원칙，유궤비용량위22.5~30.0 t/hm2，화비N、P2O5、K2O용량분별불초과150，90，40 kg/hm2위의。
In order to investigate the problems of nutrients management in dry-land potato in the Southern Mountain Region of Ningxia, the household sampling survey was conducted to evaluate the situation of fertilization and yield of dry-land potato from three different cities/counties of 100 households in the Southern Mountain Region of Ningxia in 2012. The results showed that the averageN,P2O5,andK2Oapplicationratesinpotatowere249,95,and60kg/ha,respectively;chemicalsofN,P2O5werethemain nutrientsinput(NandP2O5accountedforthetotalinputsby57%and69%,respectively),butmanureK2Obecamethepredominant nutrient input (accounted for more than 98%). The application rates of base N and top dressing N were 196 and 53 kg/ha, and the ratio of base N to top dressing N was about 8:2. Yield of potato was not synchronously increased with N application rate increasing;although most of households applied 200-300 kg/ha of N fertilizer (accounted for the total by 36%), the average yield of potato was only 12.7 t/ha. The average yield of potato was increased with P2O5 application rate increasing, and was increased firstly and then declined with K2O application rate increasing. The maximal yield (16.6 t/ha) was found among the K2O application rates of 100-150 kg/ha. There was 58%of potato households overused N fertilizer, however, more than 50%of them input inadequate P2O5 and K2O fertilizers. Therefore, it should be considered to fol ow the principle of combination application of chemical and <br> manure fertilizers, and control N rates and add P2O5, and K2O supplement in potato in the Southern Mountain Region of Ningxia. The manure application rate should be ranged from 22.5-30.0 t/ha, and chemical fertilizers of N, P2O5, and K2O application rates be less than 150, 90, and 40 kg/ha, respectively.