CAJ | 학술논문

目的：分析造成婴幼儿意外伤害的主要原因并提出预防措施。方法统计青岛市立医院2005年1月1日至2011年12月31日因意外伤害住院的283例0～3岁婴幼儿病例。按照损伤类型对比构成情况、年龄、性别、城乡分布、住院时间与住院费用。结果造成婴幼儿意外伤害的主要原因为烧烫伤和气管异物，构成比例分别为61．13％和33．57％。意外伤害多发生于13～24月的幼儿，占到全部病例的59．36％，烧烫伤、气管异物两类意外伤害中，除0～6月与7～12月两年龄组比较无统计学意义外，其他各年龄组间比较均有统计学意义（如7～12月与25～36月两年龄段分布比较，u＝3．810，P＜0．05；u＝4．017，P＜0．05）。性别分布为男：女为1．95：1，男童与女童在烧烫伤、气管异物两类意外伤害中比较有统计学意义（ u＝3．269，P＜0．05；u ＝4．617，P＜0．05）。城乡分布城市：农村为115：168＝0．68，城市患儿与农村患儿在烧烫伤、气管异物两类意外伤害中比较差异有统计学意义（ u＝2．509，P＜0．05；u＝2．155，P＜0．05）。意外伤害的医疗费用较高，除气管异物外均在20000元以上。结论意外伤害住院儿童损害严重，花费昂贵，增加了儿童家庭的经济负担，因此做好烧烫伤、气管异物、意外坠落等儿童意外伤害的预防工作十分重要。
목적：분석조성영유인의외상해적주요원인병제출예방조시。방법통계청도시립의원2005년1월1일지2011년12월31일인의외상해주원적283례0～3세영유인병례。안조손상류형대비구성정황、년령、성별、성향분포、주원시간여주원비용。결과조성영유인의외상해적주요원인위소탕상화기관이물，구성비례분별위61．13％화33．57％。의외상해다발생우13～24월적유인，점도전부병례적59．36％，소탕상、기관이물량류의외상해중，제0～6월여7～12월량년령조비교무통계학의의외，기타각년령조간비교균유통계학의의（여7～12월여25～36월량년령단분포비교，u＝3．810，P＜0．05；u＝4．017，P＜0．05）。성별분포위남：녀위1．95：1，남동여녀동재소탕상、기관이물량류의외상해중비교유통계학의의（ u＝3．269，P＜0．05；u ＝4．617，P＜0．05）。성향분포성시：농촌위115：168＝0．68，성시환인여농촌환인재소탕상、기관이물량류의외상해중비교차이유통계학의의（ u＝2．509，P＜0．05；u＝2．155，P＜0．05）。의외상해적의료비용교고，제기관이물외균재20000원이상。결론의외상해주원인동손해엄중，화비앙귀，증가료인동가정적경제부담，인차주호소탕상、기관이물、의외추락등인동의외상해적예방공작십분중요。
Objective To analyze the main causes of accidental injuries of infants and young children and to propose some preventive measures.Methods The clinical cases of 283 infants and young children aged 0-3 years were recorded from January 1, 2005 to December 31,2011inQingdaoMunicipalHospital.Theywereadmittedforaccidentalinjuries.Theinjurytype,age,gender,residentialcondition, hospital stay and hospitalization fee were analyzed .Results The main causes of accidental injuries of infants and young children were scald and foreign body in trachea , which accounted for 61.13%and 33.57%, respectively.Accidental injuries often occurred to children aging 13 months to 24 months, accounting 59.63%of all cases.In cases of scald and foreign body in trachea , there were significant differences among different groups except for the group of 0-6 month and the group of 7-12 month ( comparing the children aging 7 months to 12 months with children aging 25-36 months, u value was 3.810 and 4.017, respectively,both P<0.05).Gender ratio of boys to girls was 1.95:1, while significant difference (u value was 3.269 and 4.617, respectively, both P<0.05) was found in cases of scald and foreign body in trachea.The ratio of urban to rural was 115/168 (0.68).Statistical significance (u value was 2.509 and 2.155, respectively, both P<0.05) was found in cases of scald and foreign body in trachea between urban children and rural children .The medical cost was over 20 000 yuan except cases of foreign body in trachea .Conclusion Accidental injuries causes great damage to children and spending to families . Therefore, it is very important to prevent the accidental injuries such as scald , foreign body in trachea and accidental fall .