CAJ | 학술논문

现有限流熔断器中的高速开断器通常采用炸药爆炸产生的冲击力驱动进行分断，炸药在实际应用中存在易分解、不耐高温和安全性低等缺陷。该文针对炸药型开断器存在的问题，设计了一种采用电磁斥力机构和绝缘窄缝灭弧室的新型开断器，并基于该开断器提出了一种电弧触发器外置的混合型限流熔断器方案。开展了额定直流640 V/2 kA限流熔断器设计，进行了新型开断器的分断测速试验和介质恢复试验及其高速摄像。试验表明，电磁斥力机构驱动的绝缘栅片可在200μs 内将银片顶断起弧换流，且通过加装绝缘窄缝灭弧室，开断器电弧在灭弧室中受到绝缘器壁的冷却而快速熄灭，在燃弧能量为8.2 J的情况下，经过180μs的介质恢复时间，能够承受1.5 kV 电压，其介质恢复强度要明显好于没有灭弧室的情况。为了进一步减小开断器上的燃弧能量以提高其介质恢复强度，该文又提出了一种电弧触发器内置的改进混合型限流熔断器方案，开展了该方案的介质恢复试验和温升试验，结果表明开断器所需的介质恢复时间得到进一步缩短，可在100μs的介质恢复时间后承受1.5 kV电压，该方案的介质恢复特性和温升特性可以较好的满足实际系统要求。
현유한류용단기중적고속개단기통상채용작약폭작산생적충격력구동진행분단，작약재실제응용중존재역분해、불내고온화안전성저등결함。해문침대작약형개단기존재적문제，설계료일충채용전자척력궤구화절연착봉멸호실적신형개단기，병기우해개단기제출료일충전호촉발기외치적혼합형한류용단기방안。개전료액정직류640 V/2 kA한류용단기설계，진행료신형개단기적분단측속시험화개질회복시험급기고속섭상。시험표명，전자척력궤구구동적절연책편가재200μs 내장은편정단기호환류，차통과가장절연착봉멸호실，개단기전호재멸호실중수도절연기벽적냉각이쾌속식멸，재연호능량위8.2 J적정황하，경과180μs적개질회복시간，능구승수1.5 kV 전압，기개질회복강도요명현호우몰유멸호실적정황。위료진일보감소개단기상적연호능량이제고기개질회복강도，해문우제출료일충전호촉발기내치적개진혼합형한류용단기방안，개전료해방안적개질회복시험화온승시험，결과표명개단기소수적개질회복시간득도진일보축단，가재100μs적개질회복시간후승수1.5 kV전압，해방안적개질회복특성화온승특성가이교호적만족실제계통요구。
The high speed isolator of existing current limiting fuse (CLF) mostly utilizes the explosive force to interrupt current, however, the explosive has some disadvantages in use, such as easily decompose, poor heat-resistant, insecurity and more cost. According to the above disadvantages of explosive isolator, a novel isolator based on electro-magnetic repulsion mechanism and arc extinction chamber with narrow gaps was designed. A novel hybrid CLF with arc-trigger outside using the isolator was introduced. A 640V/2kA DC CLF prototype was designed and the velocity measuring test and dielectric recovery test of isolator were carried out with fast speed video camera. The test results and videos show that the isolator is able to separate within 200μs and the arc is extinguished quickly in the arc extinction chamber with narrow gaps. The dielectric recovery strength of isolator with arc extinction chamber reaches 1.5 kV after arc energy of 8.2 J and dielectric recovery time of 180μs is better than without arc extinction chamber. In order to reduce the arc energy of isolator further and improve the dielectric recovery strength, a novel improved hybrid CLF with arc-trigger inside was introduced. The dielectric recovery test and temperature rise test were carried out and the test results show that the dielectric recovery time of isolator is reduced and the isolator can suffer 1.5 kV after dielectric recovery time of 100μs. The dielectric recovery characteristic and temperature rise characteristic can meet the demand of practical power system.