CAJ | 학술논문

滇西北高原由于地处生态脆弱的石灰岩区，水土流失严重，探讨该区生态恢复过程中土壤侵蚀的变化规律，为开展人工植被建设提供依据。以时空互代的方法，通过径流小区，对坡面的产沙产流特性及其影响因素进行研究。结果表明：天然次生林和人工混交林均有较好的调节径流和减少泥沙的作用，产沙量分别比坡耕地减少了51.46%、43.18%，产流量也相应降低了39.39%、24.24%。在最大次降雨条件下，荒草丛、坡耕地、次生林和混交林单次降雨的产沙量分别占试验期产沙总量的55.38%、55.58%、58.35%和58.05%，产流量相应占产流总量的64.72%、64.63%、73.85%和55.39%。而且，产流产沙量与土壤有机质质量分数均存在明显正相关，与乔、灌层植物多样性及均匀度指数等呈显著负相关性（P＜0.05）。因此，乔灌草结合的群落结构配置模式是滇西北地区水土保持林营造的目标和方向。
전서북고원유우지처생태취약적석회암구，수토류실엄중，탐토해구생태회복과정중토양침식적변화규률，위개전인공식피건설제공의거。이시공호대적방법，통과경류소구，대파면적산사산류특성급기영향인소진행연구。결과표명：천연차생림화인공혼교림균유교호적조절경류화감소니사적작용，산사량분별비파경지감소료51.46%、43.18%，산류량야상응강저료39.39%、24.24%。재최대차강우조건하，황초총、파경지、차생림화혼교림단차강우적산사량분별점시험기산사총량적55.38%、55.58%、58.35%화58.05%，산류량상응점산류총량적64.72%、64.63%、73.85%화55.39%。이차，산유산사량여토양유궤질질량분수균존재명현정상관，여교、관층식물다양성급균균도지수등정현저부상관성（P＜0.05）。인차，교관초결합적군락결구배치모식시전서북지구수토보지림영조적목표화방향。
The degraded ecosystem is accentuated by soil erosion in a cold-temperate climate on limestone regions in the upper stream of the Yangtze River. A discussion of the tendency towards soil erosion and its influencing factors during restoration is to provide a basis for vegetation reconstruction in the studied area, which is located at Napahai in northwest Yunnan, southwest China. The effect of slope lands, wild grass, secondary forests and mixed forests on surface runoff and sediment yield was studied by using spatial series instead of the temporal sequences. Results showed that loss of water and soil was obviously reduced in both the secondary forest and the mixed forest. Compared with the slope land, the amount of soil loss of both the secondary forest and the mixed forest decreased by 51.46%and 43.18%, and that of water loss by 39.39%and 24.24%, respectively. The amount of soil loss from maximum 24-h rainfall in the wild grass, slope land, secondary forest and mixed forest respectively made up 55.38%, 55.58%, 58.35%and 58.05%of total soil erosion, and that of water runoff did up 64.72%, 64.63%, 73.85%and 55.39%of total water loss for July-September during the two continuous rainy season. Furthermore, the amount of soil and water loss was significantly and positively correlated with soil organic matter content, and negatively correlated with indexes of plant diversity and homogeneities of plant communities in both a tree and a bush layer (P<0.05), respectively. Consequently, the combination of basic plant types (tree/shrub/grass) should be recommended in plantation forests to prevent soil and water loss in northwest Yunnan, China.