CAJ | 학술논문

中草药源农药是指从中草药中提取的用于防治农作物病虫害的有效成分或从中分离纯化的单体物质，它在无公害农产品生产和开发利用我国丰富的植物资源用于有害生物的防治方面具有深远意义。概述了中草药源农药对环境友好、作用方式多样、对高等动物及害虫天敌安全，且有害生物较难产生抗药性等特点；综述了49科具有抑菌和杀虫活性的中草药资源及其作用，评述了我国已开发应用的19种中草药源农药和7种规模化生产的中草药源农药产品。最后，提出了中草药农药开发应用中值得进一步研究的问题：中草药的品种选育、栽培技术和活性成分提取方法研究；中草药源有效成分的结构鉴定，植物品种与活性成分关系的基础研究；以中草药源活性成分为基础的先导化合物的研发。
중초약원농약시지종중초약중제취적용우방치농작물병충해적유효성분혹종중분리순화적단체물질，타재무공해농산품생산화개발이용아국봉부적식물자원용우유해생물적방치방면구유심원의의。개술료중초약원농약대배경우호、작용방식다양、대고등동물급해충천활안전，차유해생물교난산생항약성등특점；종술료49과구유억균화살충활성적중초약자원급기작용，평술료아국이개발응용적19충중초약원농약화7충규모화생산적중초약원농약산품。최후，제출료중초약농약개발응용중치득진일보연구적문제：중초약적품충선육、재배기술화활성성분제취방법연구；중초약원유효성분적결구감정，식물품충여활성성분관계적기출연구；이중초약원활성성분위기출적선도화합물적연발。
Herbal pesticides refer to the active ingredients extracted from herbs which are used for pest and disease control in crops or pure substances isolated from them. They are of great significance for the production of pol ution-free agricultural products, as wel as for exploiting the abundant plant resources in China for the prevention and control of pests. In this paper, the advantages of herbal pesticides, such as being environment-friendly, diverse patterns of action, safety for higher ani-mals and the natural enemies of pests and making it hard for pests to produce re-sistance were first stated; then, Chinese herbal medicine resources with antibacterial and insecticidal activities from 49 families and their functions were reviewed, and 19 kinds of herbal pesticides that have been developed and applied in China and sev-en kinds that have been produced on a large scale were also introduced; final y, three issues deserving further exploration during the development and application of herbal pesticides were presented, that is, research in variety selection and cultivation of herbs, and methods for extraction of active ingredients; basic research in the structure identification of herbal active ingredients, and the relationship between plant variety and active ingredients; development of lead compounds based on herbal ac-tive ingredients.