CAJ | 학술논문

水准仪是通过其望远镜的视准轴和水准管的水准轴的相互平行，来获得水平视线。若二者在竖直面上的投影不平行，两投影线的交角称为“i”角误差。对水准测量而言，如果“i”角误差为零，表明水准管的水准轴水平后，望远镜的视准轴也是水平的，从而可提供水平视线，满足水准测量基本原理的要求。可见在水准测量中“i”角误差对观测结果影响很大，必须在测量工作前快速、准确地检验出“i”角误差大小，并加以校正。本文中水准仪“i”角误差的快速检验方法是在常规的检验方法的基础上，通过在距水准尺特定距离上的不同的地方安置两次水准仪，分别测出同两点间的两次高差。根据所设定的特定距离简化计算“i”角误差的公式，无须结合计算器等计算工具，可在现场直接口算出该水准仪的“i”角误差的大小及距水准仪最远水准尺上的正确读数。从而比常规检验方法更快速、方便地实现对水准仪“i”角误差的检验和校正。
수준의시통과기망원경적시준축화수준관적수준축적상호평행，래획득수평시선。약이자재수직면상적투영불평행，량투영선적교각칭위“i”각오차。대수준측량이언，여과“i”각오차위령，표명수준관적수준축수평후，망원경적시준축야시수평적，종이가제공수평시선，만족수준측량기본원리적요구。가견재수준측량중“i”각오차대관측결과영향흔대，필수재측량공작전쾌속、준학지검험출“i”각오차대소，병가이교정。본문중수준의“i”각오차적쾌속검험방법시재상규적검험방법적기출상，통과재거수준척특정거리상적불동적지방안치량차수준의，분별측출동량점간적량차고차。근거소설정적특정거리간화계산“i”각오차적공식，무수결합계산기등계산공구，가재현장직접구산출해수준의적“i”각오차적대소급거수준의최원수준척상적정학독수。종이비상규검험방법경쾌속、방편지실현대수준의“i”각오차적검험화교정。
We get the level of attention through level＇s telescope collimation axis and the level of the standard tube axis parallel to each other. If the two are not parallel in the vertical plane of projection, the lines projection angle is called ＂i＂angle error. For leveling, if the ＂i＂angle error is zero, it indicates that the level of quality control standards axis, the telescope collimation axis is horizontal, which can provide the level of attention to meet the requirements of the basic principles of level measure- ment. The leveling of ＂i＂angle error has a great influence on the observed results measured, therefore, the ＂i＂angle error size should be quickly and accurately tested, and corrected before leveling. Based on conventional test method, two differences in elevation between two points were measured by setting level twice in different places in a certain distance from standard scale. Depending on the particular set calculated from the simplified ＂i＂ angle error of the formula, without the aid of computational tools such as calculators, the size of ＂i＂angle error of level can be got, as well as the correct reading farthest from the level on the standard scale. Compared with conventional testing methods, this method is more faster and convenient to test and correct level s＂ i＂ angle error.