CAJ | 학술논문

目前我们国家在进行电站锅炉性能试验或性能考核试验时,大多数都采用美国标准ASME进行性能试验并要求采用燃料低位发热量计算锅炉热效率,而ASME标准则要求采用燃料高位发热量计算锅炉热效率,这样就有了高低位热效率的区分。所以,为了准确把握锅炉性能,必须准确掌握目前锅炉热效率的计算方法,本文首先论述了最新标准ASME PTC4-1998标准锅炉热效率的计算方法,进而分析了该标准高低位热效率在计算中的差异,其区别主要在于燃料中水分热损失和燃料中氢燃烧生成水分热损失,最后推导出该标准高低位热效率及各项热损失以及外来热量之间的转换公式,并用计算实例表明该转换公式具有较高的精确度。从而为锅炉技术人员准确把握锅炉性能提供一定的指导。
목전아문국가재진행전참과로성능시험혹성능고핵시험시,대다수도채용미국표준ASME진행성능시험병요구채용연료저위발열량계산과로열효솔,이ASME표준칙요구채용연료고위발열량계산과로열효솔,저양취유료고저위열효솔적구분。소이,위료준학파악과로성능,필수준학장악목전과로열효솔적계산방법,본문수선논술료최신표준ASME PTC4-1998표준과로열효솔적계산방법,진이분석료해표준고저위열효솔재계산중적차이,기구별주요재우연료중수분열손실화연료중경연소생성수분열손실,최후추도출해표준고저위열효솔급각항열손실이급외래열량지간적전환공식,병용계산실례표명해전환공식구유교고적정학도。종이위과로기술인원준학파악과로성능제공일정적지도。
Now,in our country most of generating stations use unite states standard ASME to conduct boiler performance test and compute thermal efficiency using the fire coal lower calorific value in boiler performance tests or boiler performance assessment test.While the ASME require us to compute thermal efficiency using the fire coal gross calorific value,so there would be distinction of high thermal efficiency and low thermal efficiency.Therefore,to accurately grasp the boiler performance our must master the calculation method of the newest boiler heat efficiency,first,this text discusses the computing method of boiler thermal efficiency on the ASME PTC4-1998 standards,and then,analyzing the difference of boiler thermal efficiency using the and lower calorific value in the calculation process,finally,this text would give the transformation formula of boiler thermal efficiency and each heat loss based on gross calorific value and lower calorific value,the example shows that the conversion equation has a high precision,the article can offer guidance for boiler technical personnel to hold boiler performance accurately.