CAJ | 학술논문

马铃薯枯萎病（Fusarium oxyspomm）是一种重要病害，重茬地发病重，对马铃薯生产造成威胁。为了解该病发生规律，试验进行了枯萎病初侵染来源及栽培与发病关系的研究。盆栽试验结果表明，土壤接茵的植株萎蔫率、病株率及病薯率分别为36．7％、58.3％和71．3％，播种带病种薯的植株萎蔫率、病株率及病薯率分别为11．7％、18．0％和21．4％，由此明确土壤带茵是主要的初侵染来源。田间不同施肥种类及栽培方式对病害发生的影响。试验结果表明：合理施肥均能延缓植株发病，其中施用尿素的植株萎蔫率、病薯率分别是13．3％、47．1％，显著低于CK及其它施肥处理，产量达到最高，为2202kg／667m2；其次是马铃薯专用肥及碳酸氢盐类处理，均比CK植株萎蔫率低，产量有所增加。采用覆膜起垄栽培可以有效降低病薯率。
마령서고위병（Fusarium oxyspomm）시일충중요병해，중치지발병중，대마령서생산조성위협。위료해해병발생규률，시험진행료고위병초침염래원급재배여발병관계적연구。분재시험결과표명，토양접인적식주위언솔、병주솔급병서솔분별위36．7％、58.3％화71．3％，파충대병충서적식주위언솔、병주솔급병서솔분별위11．7％、18．0％화21．4％，유차명학토양대인시주요적초침염래원。전간불동시비충류급재배방식대병해발생적영향。시험결과표명：합리시비균능연완식주발병，기중시용뇨소적식주위언솔、병서솔분별시13．3％、47．1％，현저저우CK급기타시비처리，산량체도최고，위2202kg／667m2；기차시마령서전용비급탄산경염류처리，균비CK식주위언솔저，산량유소증가。채용복막기롱재배가이유효강저병서솔。
Fusadum wilt （Fusarium oxysporum） of potatoes is one of the important diseases which threaten the potato production, especially in continuous cropping fields. In order to understand the occurrence of the disease, the experiments were conducted to study the primary infection sources of Fusarium oxysporurn, and the relationship between the disease incidence and cultivation mode. Pot experiments showed that the rate of plant wilting, diseased plants and tubers in the soil inoculated with the bacteria was 36.7%, 58.3% and 71.3%, respectively, while the rate of plant wilting, diseased plants and tubers derived from diseased potatoes was 11.7%, 18.0% and 21.4%, respectively, proving that the primary infection source was bacteria inoculated soil. The results of plant disease occurrence in the field with different types of fertilizer application and cultivation modes showed that rational fertilization could postpone the morbidity of potato plants. The rate of plant wilting and diseased tubers was 13.3% and 47.1%, respectively, when applied with urea, significantly lower than the control and other treatments, with the yield being highest, 2 202 kg / 667 m2. The control effect of specialized fertilizer and bicarbonate ranked second. Use of ridging with plastic mulching effectively reduced the rate of diseased tubers.