CAJ | 학술논문

就业是民生之本，农民就业历来是就业问题的难点所在，也是解决“三农”问题的关键切八点。以往的旅游经济影响研究多从旅游经济效益、旅游对就业的带动等宏观角度探讨旅游发展对旅游目的地的经济影响，而该文尝试从微观角度考察旅游发展对农民就业的影响。该文选择三亚市吉阳镇为案例地，主要采用深入访谈法、观察法和文献分析等方法对研究问题展开研究，对政府工作人员、村委会人员、景区管理人员、当地农民进行深度访谈。研究发现，农民旅游就业规模扩大，农民旅游就业者男性多于女性、年轻化、低文化素质水平趋势明显，同时就业形式以自组织为主，工作变动频繁。宏观经济结构、旅游业发展情况、产业收入差距等宏观因素与农民自身状况等微观因素共同影响着农民旅游就业情况。
취업시민생지본，농민취업력래시취업문제적난점소재，야시해결“삼농”문제적관건절팔점。이왕적여유경제영향연구다종여유경제효익、여유대취업적대동등굉관각도탐토여유발전대여유목적지적경제영향，이해문상시종미관각도고찰여유발전대농민취업적영향。해문선택삼아시길양진위안례지，주요채용심입방담법、관찰법화문헌분석등방법대연구문제전개연구，대정부공작인원、촌위회인원、경구관리인원、당지농민진행심도방담。연구발현，농민여유취업규모확대，농민여유취업자남성다우녀성、년경화、저문화소질수평추세명현，동시취업형식이자조직위주，공작변동빈번。굉관경제결구、여유업발전정황、산업수입차거등굉관인소여농민자신상황등미관인소공동영향착농민여유취업정황。
Employment of farmers is the key issue to address the problems of the current rural society. Most of the previous tourism economic impact studies analyze its impacts on the tourism economic benefits and the employments from macro approach. This paper explores the impact of tourism on local farmer＇s job opportunity from a micro perspective. This paper takes Jiyang, Sanya City, Hainan Province as a case. Twenty days of fieldwork was conducted in the local communities. Data was collected through in depth interviews, observation and secondary sources. 1n-depth interviews with the local government, village committees, scenic spots and local farmers were taken. The result shows that the farmers employed in tourism and tourism related seetors are expanding. The pattern of employment is clear that more males are employed than females and the employed tend is young and less educated. Most of the employments are self employed and the turn over rate is high. The tourism employment of farmers are impacted together by macro economic factors such as regional economic structure, the tourism employment opportunities and wage differences among the industrial sectors, and the micro factors such as individual and family factors.