南通大学学报（社会科学版）
南通大學學報（社會科學版）
남통대학학보（사회과학판）
JOURNAL OF NANTONG UNIVERSITY （SOCIAL SCIENCES EDITION）
2014年
2期
67-72
,共6页
名物化%语法化%历时考察
名物化%語法化%歷時攷察
명물화%어법화%력시고찰
nominalization%grammaticalization%diachronic investigation
谓词性主宾语句在甲骨文中已经出现，但当时能够用作主宾语的限于动词，形容词的这一用法出现得相对较晚。先秦时期谓词性主宾语句已基本定型，现代汉语谓词性主宾语句中的判断词“是”、明示动词、形式动词以及大部分终始动词在先秦汉语中都没有出现。据粗略考察，在谓词性主宾语句中，“是”出现于汉末，但唐宋时它才被大量使用，主要的明示动词、形式动词以及终始动词一直到晚清、民国时才大量出现。
謂詞性主賓語句在甲骨文中已經齣現，但噹時能夠用作主賓語的限于動詞，形容詞的這一用法齣現得相對較晚。先秦時期謂詞性主賓語句已基本定型，現代漢語謂詞性主賓語句中的判斷詞“是”、明示動詞、形式動詞以及大部分終始動詞在先秦漢語中都沒有齣現。據粗略攷察，在謂詞性主賓語句中，“是”齣現于漢末，但唐宋時它纔被大量使用，主要的明示動詞、形式動詞以及終始動詞一直到晚清、民國時纔大量齣現。
위사성주빈어구재갑골문중이경출현，단당시능구용작주빈어적한우동사，형용사적저일용법출현득상대교만。선진시기위사성주빈어구이기본정형，현대한어위사성주빈어구중적판단사“시”、명시동사、형식동사이급대부분종시동사재선진한어중도몰유출현。거조략고찰，재위사성주빈어구중，“시”출현우한말，단당송시타재피대량사용，주요적명시동사、형식동사이급종시동사일직도만청、민국시재대량출현。
Verbal subject sentences and verbal object sentences can be seen in the oldest Jiaguwen we have found, yet at that time what could be used as subjects and objects were limited to verbs, and the use of adjectives emerged rel-atively late. The basic form of Verbal subject sentences and verbal object sentences was finalized in the pre-Qin times. The copula “shi”, ostension verbs, form verbs and most of the circulates verbs, which used in modern Verbal subject sen-tences and verbal object sentences, did not emerged in the pre-Qin times. Based on rough investigations of verbal subject sentences and verbal object sentences, “shi” emerged in the late Han Dynasty and was widely used in Tang and Song Dynasties. Main ostension verbs, form verbs and circulates verbs did not emerge in quantity until the late Qing Dynasty and the governing of the Kuomintang.
