CAJ | 학술논문

利用华北地区近30 a（1979～2008年）12个探空站的观测资料,采用线性趋势和奇异值分解（SVD）技术分析了华北地区空中水汽含量与降水量的时空演变特征以及两者之间的相关关系。结果表明：华北地区水汽含量和降水量在空间上表现出由东南沿海向西北内陆随纬度增高而减少的分布特征,即东南部湿润,西北部干燥。近30 a来华北地区水汽含量整体上呈现出增加的趋势,而降水量和降水效率均呈减少趋势,降水效率较低,华北地区空中水资源开发潜力较大。SVD的第1模态反映出华北地区水汽含量与降水量存在密切联系,当空中水汽含量偏多（少）时,大部分地区降水偏多（少）。华北地区夏季涝（旱）年在南海至西太平洋地区有（无）明显的水汽向华北地区辐合,同时西风带也有（无）水汽向华北地区输送,且大部分地区850 hPa垂直上升运动强（弱）于常年。
이용화북지구근30 a（1979～2008년）12개탐공참적관측자료,채용선성추세화기이치분해（SVD）기술분석료화북지구공중수기함량여강수량적시공연변특정이급량자지간적상관관계。결과표명：화북지구수기함량화강수량재공간상표현출유동남연해향서북내륙수위도증고이감소적분포특정,즉동남부습윤,서북부간조。근30 a래화북지구수기함량정체상정현출증가적추세,이강수량화강수효솔균정감소추세,강수효솔교저,화북지구공중수자원개발잠력교대。SVD적제1모태반영출화북지구수기함량여강수량존재밀절련계,당공중수기함량편다（소）시,대부분지구강수편다（소）。화북지구하계로（한）년재남해지서태평양지구유（무）명현적수기향화북지구복합,동시서풍대야유（무）수기향화북지구수송,차대부분지구850 hPa수직상승운동강（약）우상년。
Based on airological observations from 12 meteorological stations in North China in recent 30 years, the temporal and spatial variation characteristic and correlation between water vapor content and precipitation over North China were analyzed by using means of linear trend method and the Singular Value Decomposition （SVD） technique. The results show that water vapor content over North China presented decreasing trend from southeast coast to northwest inland area, namely, wetting in southeastern but drying in northwest area; On the whole, the water vapor content over North China showed slight increasing trend, but precipitation as well as precipitation efficiency presented decreasing trend in recent 30 years. The precipitation efficiency was lower, that is to say, the development potential of water resources over North China was great. The first mode of SVD reflected close correlation between water vapor content and precipitation in North China, when annual mean water vapor content was less （more） than normal, annual precipitation in most area of North China was less （more） than normal. There was （no） obvious water vapor convergence to North China from South China Sea to Western Pacific, while there was （no） water vapor transport to North China in westerly belt in middle latitude during the year with more （less） precipitation, In addition, the vertical velocity became more stronger in more rainfall years at the level of 850 hPa.