CAJ | 학술논문

DHI报告可以为奶牛场饲养管理提供决策依据,也可以为育种工作提供完整而准确的资料。利用河北省某奶牛场2010年12月～2011年9月的DHI测定数据资料,对牛群的305 d产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率、体细胞计数和胎次等生产性能相关指标进行分析,明确奶牛场日常饲养管理中存在的问题,并提出相应的改进意见,有利于牛群保持较高的生产潜力。结果表明：该牛场牛群平均胎次〈2胎,平均泌乳天数为243.2 d,牛群整体育种工作失衡;乳脂率和乳蛋白率均随产奶量的增加而降低,牛群的日粮营养结构不合理;体细胞数〉50万个/mL,牛群乳房炎发生率较高。牛场管理者应对奶牛按产奶水平进行分群管理,适当调整日粮结构,给予平衡的营养日粮;加强牛群的繁殖配种工作,降低奶牛淘汰频率,延长奶牛使用的年限;改善奶牛的饲养环境,加强奶牛在应激期的饲养管理水平以及奶牛乳房炎的检测与防治工作。
DHI보고가이위내우장사양관리제공결책의거,야가이위육충공작제공완정이준학적자료。이용하북성모내우장2010년12월～2011년9월적DHI측정수거자료,대우군적305 d산내량、유지솔、유단백솔、체세포계수화태차등생산성능상관지표진행분석,명학내우장일상사양관리중존재적문제,병제출상응적개진의견,유리우우군보지교고적생산잠력。결과표명：해우장우군평균태차〈2태,평균비유천수위243.2 d,우군정체육충공작실형;유지솔화유단백솔균수산내량적증가이강저,우군적일량영양결구불합리;체세포수〉50만개/mL,우군유방염발생솔교고。우장관리자응대내우안산내수평진행분군관리,괄당조정일량결구,급여평형적영양일량;가강우군적번식배충공작,강저내우도태빈솔,연장내우사용적년한;개선내우적사양배경,가강내우재응격기적사양관리수평이급내우유방염적검측여방치공작。
DHI report could provide decision basis for dairy feeding management, and complete and accurate information for breeding. Based on DHI data of a dairy farm in Hebei Province from December 2010 to September 2011, the 305 d cow milk yield, milk fat rate, milk protein rate, somatic cell count and birth order were analyzed. The problems in dairy feeding management were defined, and the appropriate improvements were given to maintain high production potential in cow herd. The results showed that the average birth order of cow herd was less than 2, and the average lactation days was 243.2 d, which led to the imbalance of cow breeding. The milk fat rate and milk protein rate reduced, but the milk yield increased, which reflected that the dietary nutrition was irrational. The incidence of mastitis was higher because the somatic cell count was more than 500 000/mL. Therefore, Grouping cows by milk yield, adjusting the dietary nutrition structure and strengthening cow breeding, reducing cow culling rate, extending the life of dairy cows, improving the feeding environment and management in stress period, and strengthening the detection and prevention of mastitis were very important for dairy managers.