CAJ | 학술논문

根据抚宁县的实际生产情况和玉米产量水平,选择10个地点,采取三因素（肥料种类N、P、K）四水平（施肥量水平0、1、2、3）另增加1个有机肥和1个配方肥处理的＂3414＋2＂试验设计方案,探索抚宁县不同土壤养分条件下春玉米氮、磷、钾不同配比以及单施有机肥和配方肥的增产效应;根据玉米产量与施肥量的关系,建立了春玉米施肥模型,并通过施肥模型计算出试验点的最大施肥量和最佳施肥量。结果表明：施用化肥处理的玉米产量均〉空白对照,平均增产率为11.0%～39.1%,其中缺氮处理（N0P2K2）增产幅度最小、过量施磷处理（N2P3K2）增产幅度最大;在中等N和P水平下,施钾量为33.75～123.75 kg/hm2时对产量影响不大;磷、钾空白区和氮、磷低于中等水平的处理区,产量增幅相对较小。抚宁县进行春玉米生产时,建议各地点根据肥力水平进行施肥策略调整：高产田增施氮、磷肥,酌减钾肥;中产田稳定氮肥,酌减磷、钾肥;低产田适当增施氮肥,酌减磷、钾肥。提出了不同肥力水平土壤的施肥量：低产田（产量≤8250 kg/hm2）N、P2O5、K2O施用量分别为129.4 kg/hm2、47.7 kg/hm2和35.2 kg/hm2,中产田（产量8250～9750 kg/hm2）N、P2O5、K2O施用量分别为173.2 kg/hm2、55.8 kg/hm2和49.7 kg/hm2,高产田（产量≥9750 kg/hm2）N、P2O5、K2O施用量分别为269.0 kg/hm2、178.5 kg/hm2和66.8 kg/hm2。单施有机肥,玉米增产幅度有限,应考虑与化肥配合施用;施用配方肥增产效果显著,平均增产率为35.9%。
근거무저현적실제생산정황화옥미산량수평,선택10개지점,채취삼인소（비료충류N、P、K）사수평（시비량수평0、1、2、3）령증가1개유궤비화1개배방비처리적＂3414＋2＂시험설계방안,탐색무저현불동토양양분조건하춘옥미담、린、갑불동배비이급단시유궤비화배방비적증산효응;근거옥미산량여시비량적관계,건립료춘옥미시비모형,병통과시비모형계산출시험점적최대시비량화최가시비량。결과표명：시용화비처리적옥미산량균〉공백대조,평균증산솔위11.0%～39.1%,기중결담처리（N0P2K2）증산폭도최소、과량시린처리（N2P3K2）증산폭도최대;재중등N화P수평하,시갑량위33.75～123.75 kg/hm2시대산량영향불대;린、갑공백구화담、린저우중등수평적처리구,산량증폭상대교소。무저현진행춘옥미생산시,건의각지점근거비력수평진행시비책략조정：고산전증시담、린비,작감갑비;중산전은정담비,작감린、갑비;저산전괄당증시담비,작감린、갑비。제출료불동비력수평토양적시비량：저산전（산량≤8250 kg/hm2）N、P2O5、K2O시용량분별위129.4 kg/hm2、47.7 kg/hm2화35.2 kg/hm2,중산전（산량8250～9750 kg/hm2）N、P2O5、K2O시용량분별위173.2 kg/hm2、55.8 kg/hm2화49.7 kg/hm2,고산전（산량≥9750 kg/hm2）N、P2O5、K2O시용량분별위269.0 kg/hm2、178.5 kg/hm2화66.8 kg/hm2。단시유궤비,옥미증산폭도유한,응고필여화비배합시용;시용배방비증산효과현저,평균증산솔위35.9%。
Based on the production and yield of maize in Funing County, using 3414 ＋ 2 fertilizer test design scheme, the effects of different ratio of N, P and K, single application of organic fertilizer, and formula fertilizer on increasing the yield of spring maize under different soil nutrient conditions were studied in Funing. Based on the relationship between maize yield and fertilizer amount, the fertilizer model was established, and the maximum fertilizer application amount and the optimum one were calculated using the fertilizer model. The results showed that the yield with chemical fertilizer application was higher, it increased by 11.0% -39. 1%, it increased least with N0P2K2, while it increased greatest with N2P3K2. With medium N and P level, 33.75 - 123.75 kg/hm2 K had little influence on the yield. Without P and K, N and P lower than the medium level, the yield increasing was less. The fertilization strategy should be adjusted based on the fertility level including increasing application of N and P and reducing application of K in high-yield field, stable application of N and reducing application of P and K in medium-yield field, and increasing application of N and reducing application of P and K in low-yield field. The application amount of N, P205 and K20 in low-yield field was 129.4 kg/hm2, 47. 7 kg/hm2 and 35.2 kg/hm2, respectively, that in medium-yield one was 173.2 kg/hm2, 55.8 kg/hm2 and 49. 7 kg/hm2, respectively, and that in high-yield one was 269.0 kg/hm2, 178.5 kg/hm2 and 66. 8 kg/hm2, respectively. The chemical fertilizer should be used with organic fertilizer. The yield could be increased significantly with formula fertilizer, which increased by 35.9%.