CAJ | 학술논문

针对梨树生产与科研中各品种间存在花期不遇和授粉树配置不合理,从而影响梨树授粉的问题,研究了不同低温保存方法对雪花梨花粉萌发率和萌发速度的影响。结果表明：2002～2004年雪花梨花粉萌发率3 a平均为84.1%,与胎黄梨（91.0%）无显著差异,但显著〉鸭梨（66.3%）和金坠梨（44.7%）。雪花梨花粉在室温（20～22℃）条件下保存1个月,萌发率迅速降为5%,保存5个月后萌发率降为0;在冰箱（2～3℃）条件下只能保存5个月,保存1 a后萌发率（11.2%）降低明显;在冰柜（-18℃）条件下保存3 a仍能保持较高的萌发率（56.3%）,冰柜保存是雪花梨花粉较适宜的保存方法。雪花梨花粉在23～25℃发芽培养基中4 h即全部萌发,低温保存1 a后萌发时间较新鲜花粉增加1倍,生产上授粉时应先对贮存花粉进行加湿处理,使花粉充分吸水,以保证花粉迅速发芽,确保授粉效果。
침대리수생산여과연중각품충간존재화기불우화수분수배치불합리,종이영향리수수분적문제,연구료불동저온보존방법대설화리화분맹발솔화맹발속도적영향。결과표명：2002～2004년설화리화분맹발솔3 a평균위84.1%,여태황리（91.0%）무현저차이,단현저〉압리（66.3%）화금추리（44.7%）。설화리화분재실온（20～22℃）조건하보존1개월,맹발솔신속강위5%,보존5개월후맹발솔강위0;재빙상（2～3℃）조건하지능보존5개월,보존1 a후맹발솔（11.2%）강저명현;재빙거（-18℃）조건하보존3 a잉능보지교고적맹발솔（56.3%）,빙거보존시설화리화분교괄의적보존방법。설화리화분재23～25℃발아배양기중4 h즉전부맹발,저온보존1 a후맹발시간교신선화분증가1배,생산상수분시응선대저존화분진행가습처리,사화분충분흡수,이보증화분신속발아,학보수분효과。
Aiming at the problems of differential flowering time of different pear varieties and unreasonable pollination trees disposition, the effects of different cryopreservation methods on the pollen germination rate and germination speed of Xuehua pear were studied. The results showed that from 2002 to 2004, the average pollen month and five months at 20 - 22℃, the pollen germination rate rapidly reduced to 5% and 0, respectively. Preserved for one year at 2 - 3℃, the pollen germination rate reduced to 11.2%. Preserved for three years at preserved pollen should be humidified to fully absorb water before pollination to ensure the rapid germination and pollination successfully.