CAJ | 학술논문

为探索小兴安岭菌物系统进化关系并验证可应用于该地菌物的分子钟校正时间标准,采集小兴安岭凉水国家级自然保护区代表性菌物25种,对ITS1、5.8S和ITS2 rDNA区域进行PCR扩增、测序。同源序列多重比对后分析序列特征。以核酸进化的最适模型构建最大似然树、最大简约树和邻接树,自展检验重复1 000次估计可靠性。根据分子钟推测菌物分化发生时间。25种ITS序列平均碱基组成为T=28.66%、C=24.11%、A=26.19%和G=21.03%,总体转换/颠换差R=1.274。Tajima检验支持最大似然树和邻接树的系统发育关系。对于长期进化而言,无ITS核苷酸序列以绝对恒定的速率变化,分子钟不具有通用性。构建不受分子钟约束的最大似然树,根据枝长估计红毛盘菌与其他菌物分化发生在500 Ma,灰光柄菇与其他菌物分化发生在约130 Ma,多孔菌在内的其他菌物起源于约100～120 Ma。
위탐색소흥안령균물계통진화관계병험증가응용우해지균물적분자종교정시간표준,채집소흥안령량수국가급자연보호구대표성균물25충,대ITS1、5.8S화ITS2 rDNA구역진행PCR확증、측서。동원서렬다중비대후분석서렬특정。이핵산진화적최괄모형구건최대사연수、최대간약수화린접수,자전검험중복1 000차고계가고성。근거분자종추측균물분화발생시간。25충ITS서렬평균감기조성위T=28.66%、C=24.11%、A=26.19%화G=21.03%,총체전환/전환차R=1.274。Tajima검험지지최대사연수화린접수적계통발육관계。대우장기진화이언,무ITS핵감산서렬이절대항정적속솔변화,분자종불구유통용성。구건불수분자종약속적최대사연수,근거지장고계홍모반균여기타균물분화발생재500 Ma,회광병고여기타균물분화발생재약130 Ma,다공균재내적기타균물기원우약100～120 Ma。
In order to probe into the evolutionary relationship of fungi in Xiaoxing＇an mountain and verify the fungi phylogenetic molecular clock that can be applied to the area, 25 fungi rDNA series （ITS1, 5.8s and ITS2） were taken to conduct PCR amplifica- tion and sequence testing. Maximum likelihood tree, maximum parsimony tree and neighbor joining tree were constructed based on the most suitable model of nucleic acid evolution, and reliability was evaluated by repeating the test 1000 times. Timing of fungal evolu- tionary events was estimated by molecular clock. Average base composition of the 25 fungi were T = 28.66% , C = 24. 11% , A = 26. 19% and G =21.03%. The overall transition bias R was 1. 274. Taijima test is suitable for the phylogenetic relationship of likeli- hood tree and neighborhood tree. For long term evolution, the nucleotide without ITS changes with an absolute constant rate, and the likelihood ratio test significantly rejected the molecular clock of the ITS dataset of 25 sequences. The unclock maximum likelihood tree showed that Scutellinia scutellata split from the other fungi at about 500Ma, and the split of Pluteus atricapillus and others occurred at about 130Ma, the origin of Polyporales and other fungi were from 100 to 120 Ma.