CAJ | 학술논문

说谎是日常生活中的一种常见现象,也常作为道德发展和社会认知发展的重要研究课题受到心理学家的关注。研究者对说谎的概念和类型进行了不同的界定,并提出了三种有影响的理论,把说谎作为自变量和因变量进行了一系列研究,展现出了说谎的个体心理过程和在某些变量上的发展趋势。在研究内容上,现有的实证研究未能很好地揭示出说谎的内部心理机制,且较少探讨说谎的预测作用,Piaget的研究虽深刻但也存在言语反省水平的局限;在研究方法上,多采取单一的研究方法。访谈法和自然观察法的粗糙,以及实验法视野偏狭的局限都影响着研究的进展。
설황시일상생활중적일충상견현상,야상작위도덕발전화사회인지발전적중요연구과제수도심이학가적관주。연구자대설황적개념화류형진행료불동적계정,병제출료삼충유영향적이론,파설황작위자변량화인변량진행료일계렬연구,전현출료설황적개체심리과정화재모사변량상적발전추세。재연구내용상,현유적실증연구미능흔호지게시출설황적내부심리궤제,차교소탐토설황적예측작용,Piaget적연구수심각단야존재언어반성수평적국한;재연구방법상,다채취단일적연구방법。방담법화자연관찰법적조조,이급실험법시야편협적국한도영향착연구적진전。
Lying is a common phenomenon in our daily life, and often gains psychologists＇ attention as the important project in mor- al and social cognitive development. Researchers defined the lying＇s conception and type differently, and thus advanced three influential theories： moral development of Piaget, prototype theory and folk model. Based on this, investigators carried out a series of researches in which lying is regarded as a dependent or independent variable, and which discussed the characteristic of age, lying cognitive, temp- tation and strategic on lying, and expound on the relationship between lying and integrity or problem behavior. These studies revealed the lying phenomenon from different views, and also showed the individual psychology process and the trend of some variables on lying, but they also have several deficiencies. In research content, the existing empirical researches haven＇t reveal the internal psychology mechanism of lying well, and few researches examined the lying＇s prediction, and Piaget＇s research is deepgoing but also exists some limitations. In research methods, investigators often took a single method in the past. The rough of interview and natural observation and the limitation of experimental method＇s tunnel vision both affected the research progress. Therefore if we are able to combine various research methods in the future, we may verify the lying phenomenon better.