成都大学学报：自然科学版
成都大學學報：自然科學版
성도대학학보：자연과학판
Journal of Chengdu University (Natural Science)
2012年
2期
128-132
,共5页
孕激素%子宫内膜上皮细胞%增殖调控
孕激素%子宮內膜上皮細胞%增殖調控
잉격소%자궁내막상피세포%증식조공
progestogen%endometrial epithelial cells%regulation of cell proliferation
子宫内膜是卵巢激素的主要靶器官，女性进入青春期后，在下丘脑垂体的调节下，雌激素、孕激素出现周期性分泌，子宫内膜的形态和功能也随之发生改变．黄体期，血清中上升的孕激素可拮抗雌激素的作用，抑制子宫内膜上皮细胞的增殖，使其分化为具有分泌功能的上皮细胞．孕激素抑制子宫内膜上皮细胞增殖并促使其分化的机制主要是：一方面孕激素通过降低子宫内膜上皮细胞雌激素受体（ER）的表达，降低颗粒细胞分泌细胞色素P450芳香化酶的表达和活性，增加17β-HSDII在子宫内膜局部的表达和活性，增强雌激素代谢，从而抑制雌激素对子宫内膜上皮细胞的促增殖作用，间接抑制子宫内膜上皮细胞的增殖；另一方面孕激素通过与子宫内膜上皮细胞的孕激素受体结合后进入核内，调节细胞周期调控蛋白、原癌基因等参与细胞周期调控的分子表达，直接抑制子宫内膜上皮细胞的增殖并促使其分化．
子宮內膜是卵巢激素的主要靶器官，女性進入青春期後，在下丘腦垂體的調節下，雌激素、孕激素齣現週期性分泌，子宮內膜的形態和功能也隨之髮生改變．黃體期，血清中上升的孕激素可拮抗雌激素的作用，抑製子宮內膜上皮細胞的增殖，使其分化為具有分泌功能的上皮細胞．孕激素抑製子宮內膜上皮細胞增殖併促使其分化的機製主要是：一方麵孕激素通過降低子宮內膜上皮細胞雌激素受體（ER）的錶達，降低顆粒細胞分泌細胞色素P450芳香化酶的錶達和活性，增加17β-HSDII在子宮內膜跼部的錶達和活性，增彊雌激素代謝，從而抑製雌激素對子宮內膜上皮細胞的促增殖作用，間接抑製子宮內膜上皮細胞的增殖；另一方麵孕激素通過與子宮內膜上皮細胞的孕激素受體結閤後進入覈內，調節細胞週期調控蛋白、原癌基因等參與細胞週期調控的分子錶達，直接抑製子宮內膜上皮細胞的增殖併促使其分化．
자궁내막시란소격소적주요파기관，녀성진입청춘기후，재하구뇌수체적조절하，자격소、잉격소출현주기성분비，자궁내막적형태화공능야수지발생개변．황체기，혈청중상승적잉격소가길항자격소적작용，억제자궁내막상피세포적증식，사기분화위구유분비공능적상피세포．잉격소억제자궁내막상피세포증식병촉사기분화적궤제주요시：일방면잉격소통과강저자궁내막상피세포자격소수체（ER）적표체，강저과립세포분비세포색소P450방향화매적표체화활성，증가17β-HSDII재자궁내막국부적표체화활성，증강자격소대사，종이억제자격소대자궁내막상피세포적촉증식작용，간접억제자궁내막상피세포적증식；령일방면잉격소통과여자궁내막상피세포적잉격소수체결합후진입핵내，조절세포주기조공단백、원암기인등삼여세포주기조공적분자표체，직접억제자궁내막상피세포적증식병촉사기분화．
Endometrium is a major target organ of ovarian hormones. After puberty, under the regulation of hypothalamus-pituitary, with cyclical secretion of estrogen and progestogen, endometrial morphology and function also will be changed.In luteal phase,progestogen antagonizes the effect of estrogen to inhibit the proliferation of endometrial epithelial cells, and promotes them to differentiate into secretory ceils. Progestogen suppresses proliferation of endometrial epithelial cells and promotes them to differentiation, its mechanism plays a role in two aspects. On the one hand, progesterone can reduce estrogen receptor （ER） expression in endometrial epithelial cells; and reduce the expression and activity of cytochrome P450 aromatase in granulosa cells and increase 17β-HSDII local expression and activity in endometrium for enhancing estrogen mefitbolism. Thereby, progesterone can indirectly inhibit the proliferation of endometrial epithelial cells. On the other hand, progesterone combines with progesterone receptor, then gets into endometrial epithelial cells＇ nucleus, regulating expression of cell cycle regulatory proteins, proto-oncogenes and other molecules involved in cell cycle regulation, with directly inhibits the proliferation of endometrial epithelial cells and promotes their differentiation.
