CAJ | 학술논문

以长江中游芦苇滩地为研究对象，利用微生物分离培养计数方法和PCR-DGGE技术重点研究了人工杨树林对芦苇滩地土壤细菌种群的影响。结果表明：与芦苇地相比，人工杨树林根际土、根表土和0-10cm土层中的氮、速效磷和总有机碳的含量都明显降低；人工杨树林下根际土中的微生物数量都比芦苇地的低，而其根表土中则是细菌、真菌数量低于芦苇地，放线具比芦苇地高；就4种功能细菌来说，人工杨树林根际土的纤维素菌、反硝化菌、硝化细菌和氨氧化细菌的数量则比芦苇地低，而根表土中除了氨氧化细菌外，其他3种功能细菌含量又比芦苇地的高。4种功能细菌数量在不同的土壤剖面中的分布也各不相同：在0-10cm土层中，人工杨树林的纤维素菌和氨氧化细菌的数量高于芦苇地，而其余2种功能茵则低于芦苇地；在10-25cm土层中，人工杨树林的纤维素菌和硝化细菌含量低于芦苇地，反硝化菌的含量却高于芦苇地，而氨氧化菌含量相同；在25-60cm土层中，除了纤维素菌，其他3种功能细菌含量都是人工杨树林低于芦苇地。通过系统进化树分析发现，滩地中普遍存在的细菌类群为α变形菌纲、β变形茵纲和硝化螺旋菌纲，而人工杨树林和芦苇地的根表土、根际土和0-10cm土层均存在各自专有的细菌种群，表明人工杨树林对芦苇滩地土壤中细菌种群产生了一定的影响。
이장강중유호위탄지위연구대상，이용미생물분리배양계수방법화PCR-DGGE기술중점연구료인공양수림대호위탄지토양세균충군적영향。결과표명：여호위지상비，인공양수림근제토、근표토화0-10cm토층중적담、속효린화총유궤탄적함량도명현강저；인공양수림하근제토중적미생물수량도비호위지적저，이기근표토중칙시세균、진균수량저우호위지，방선구비호위지고；취4충공능세균래설，인공양수림근제토적섬유소균、반초화균、초화세균화안양화세균적수량칙비호위지저，이근표토중제료안양화세균외，기타3충공능세균함량우비호위지적고。4충공능세균수량재불동적토양부면중적분포야각불상동：재0-10cm토층중，인공양수림적섬유소균화안양화세균적수량고우호위지，이기여2충공능인칙저우호위지；재10-25cm토층중，인공양수림적섬유소균화초화세균함량저우호위지，반초화균적함량각고우호위지，이안양화균함량상동；재25-60cm토층중，제료섬유소균，기타3충공능세균함량도시인공양수림저우호위지。통과계통진화수분석발현，탄지중보편존재적세균류군위α변형균강、β변형인강화초화라선균강，이인공양수림화호위지적근표토、근제토화0-10cm토층균존재각자전유적세균충군，표명인공양수림대호위탄지토양중세균충군산생료일정적영향。
In this paper the reed marshlands in the middle reaches of Yangtze River were chosen as the research objects and the effects of poplar plantations on soil bacterial diversity of reed marshlands were focused and studied with microorganism separation and culture counting methods and PCR--DGGE techniques. The results showed： The nitrogen, available phosphorus and total organic carbon contents in the rhizosphere soil, topsoil, and 0-to-10-cm soil layer of poplar plantations were significantly lower compared with those of reed marshlands. The microbe quantities in the rhizosphere soil, quantities of bacteria and fungi in the topsoil of poplar plantations were lower than those of reed marshlands while the actinomycete quantity in the topsoil of poplar plantations was higher. As for the 4-species functional bacteria, the quantities of cellulolytic, denitrifying, nitrifying and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil, and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the topsoil of poplar plantations were lower than those of reed marshlands while the quantities of cellulolytic, denitrifying and nitrifying bacteria in the topsoil of poplar plantations were higher. The quantities of the 4-species bacteria distributing in different soilprofiles were different. The quantities of cellulolytic and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the 0-to-10-cm soil layer of poplar plantations were higher than those of reed marshlands while those of denitrifying and nitrifying bacteria were lower. The quantities of cellulolytic and nitrifying bacteria in the 10-to-25-cm soil layer of poplar plantations were lower than those of reed marshlands while the quantity of denitrifying bacteria was higher and that of ammonia oxidizing bacteria was the same. The quantities of denitrifying, nitrifying and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the 25-to-60-cm soil layer of poplar plantations were lower than those of reed marshlands while the quantity of cellulolytic bacteria was higher. It was found with systematic phylogenetic tree analysis that the bacteria commonly existing in reed marshlands belong to α-Proteobacteriacea, β- Proteobacteriacea and Nitrospirabacteriacea. The topsoil, rhizosphere soil and 0-10-cm soil layer of poplar plantations and reed marshlands have their respective proprietary bacteria populations showing that poplar plantations had some effects on the soil bacteria populations of reed marshlands.