CAJ | 학술논문

以AgNO3为原料，抗坏血酸为还原剂，采用快速加料的方式制备高分散性超细银粉，用扫描电镜、ζ电位分析仪、紫外-可见光谱分析仪等对银粉进行表征，研究硝酸银溶液性质如硝酸银溶液浓度c(AgNO3)、初始pH值，以及表面活性剂的加入对超细银粉形貌与粒径的影响。结果表明，当c(AgNO3)＞0.30 mol/L时，银粉表面粗糙、形貌变得不规则且分散性变差。银粉粒度随硝酸银溶液pH值增大而减小，但pH增大到7.0时银粉团聚现象较严重。抗坏血酸分子在还原过程中具有自分散作用，在c(AgNO3)为0.2 mol/L、初始pH=5.0的条件下，不添加任何表面活性剂即可获得分散性好、表面光滑、形貌规则的球形银粉。在AgNO3溶液中加入分散剂PVP可适当减小银粉粒径，而加入丁二酸、吐温80、PEG、PAA和明胶等分散剂对银粉形貌的改善不大。
이AgNO3위원료，항배혈산위환원제，채용쾌속가료적방식제비고분산성초세은분，용소묘전경、ζ전위분석의、자외-가견광보분석의등대은분진행표정，연구초산은용액성질여초산은용액농도c(AgNO3)、초시pH치，이급표면활성제적가입대초세은분형모여립경적영향。결과표명，당c(AgNO3)＞0.30 mol/L시，은분표면조조、형모변득불규칙차분산성변차。은분립도수초산은용액pH치증대이감소，단pH증대도7.0시은분단취현상교엄중。항배혈산분자재환원과정중구유자분산작용，재c(AgNO3)위0.2 mol/L、초시pH=5.0적조건하，불첨가임하표면활성제즉가획득분산성호、표면광활、형모규칙적구형은분。재AgNO3용액중가입분산제PVP가괄당감소은분립경，이가입정이산、토온80、PEG、PAA화명효등분산제대은분형모적개선불대。
The dispersive ultrafine silver particles were prepared by the reduction of AgNO3 with ascorbic acid as reducer. The properties of the ultrafine silver powders were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), ζ potential analyzer and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum analyzer (UV-VIS). The effects of concentration, the initial pH value and the addition of the surfactant on the morphology and size of the silver particles were investigated. The results show that, when c (AgNO3)>0.30 mol/L, the prepared silver powders show rough surface, irregular morphology and worse dispersity. The particle size of silver powder decreases with increasing initial AgNO3 pH value, however, when the initial AgNO3 pH value is 7, the silver powder aggregate severely. The dispersive spherical silver particles with smooth surface can be prepared with the initial AgNO3 pH value of 5.0, concentration of less than 0.2 mol/L by the rapid addition of ascorbic acid without the addition of surfactant. It is deduced that the ascorbic acid plays the self-dispersive role in the reduction process. The size of silver particle can be decreased properly by adding dispersant PVP in AgNO3 solution, whereas, adding dispersant of butanediodic acid, polysorbate 80, PEG, PAA or isinglass has little improvement on the morphology of silver powder.