CAJ | 학술논문

草地生态系统具有植被多样性和较大的气候变异性，研究草地的能量平衡特征对认识草地的生态效应具有重要意义。利用开路涡度相关系统和常规气象观测系统的观测结果，运用最小二乘法、线性回归等方法对2010年科尔沁草甸草地生长季能量平衡特征进行分析。结果表明：科尔沁草甸草地生长季能量闭合比率为80．4％，说明该地存在不闭合现象，且闭合度居于同类观测的中上水平，涡度相关观测数据较为可靠。反射率日变化呈先降后升趋势，中午达到最低值，生长季（5-9月）在0．040-0．120之间波动，整体也呈先降后升趋势，平均值为0．061。净辐射与太阳辐射的比值为0．386，二者呈线性正相关关系。潜热通量是科尔沁草甸草地最主要的能量支出项，其次是感热通量。各分量日变化与净辐射基本相同，呈单峰型变化，日出后开始增加，中午达到最大值，之后开始减小，峰值及其出现的时间稍有不同。两种典型天气下，各分量占净辐射比例次序与生长季平均情况相同。晴天时各分量与净辐射相同，呈单峰型，而阴天时变化规律均不明显。
초지생태계통구유식피다양성화교대적기후변이성，연구초지적능량평형특정대인식초지적생태효응구유중요의의。이용개로와도상관계통화상규기상관측계통적관측결과，운용최소이승법、선성회귀등방법대2010년과이심초전초지생장계능량평형특정진행분석。결과표명：과이심초전초지생장계능량폐합비솔위80．4％，설명해지존재불폐합현상，차폐합도거우동류관측적중상수평，와도상관관측수거교위가고。반사솔일변화정선강후승추세，중오체도최저치，생장계（5-9월）재0．040-0．120지간파동，정체야정선강후승추세，평균치위0．061。정복사여태양복사적비치위0．386，이자정선성정상관관계。잠열통량시과이심초전초지최주요적능량지출항，기차시감열통량。각분량일변화여정복사기본상동，정단봉형변화，일출후개시증가，중오체도최대치，지후개시감소，봉치급기출현적시간초유불동。량충전형천기하，각분량점정복사비례차서여생장계평균정황상동。청천시각분량여정복사상동，정단봉형，이음천시변화규률균불명현。
vegetation diversity and climate variability are significant in the meadow ecosystem. Energy balance is important to study the ecological effect in the meadow ecosystem. Based on the observational data from the eddy covariance and conventionally meteorological data, the energy balance characteristics during the growth season of 2010 in Horqin meadow were analyzed by methods of a least squares and a linear regression. The results indicate that the energy balance closure rate of meadow during the growth season is 80.4%, and it means that there is an unclosed phenomenon in the study area. At the same time, the closure rate exceeds the average in similar observational sites, so it can conclude that the observational data from the eddy covariance flux measurements are reliable. The diurnal albedo decreases firstly then increases and the minimum value appears at noon;the albedo value fluctuates between 0. 040 and 0. 120 during the growth season and average is 0. 061. In general,it also decreases firstly and then increases. The ratio between net radiation （ Rn ） and solar radiation （Q） is 0. 386, and both are positively linear correlated. Latent heat flux is the main energy expenditure in Horqin meadow, and follows by sensible heat flux. Daily variations of energy balance components and net radiation are same with a single peak;their values increase after sunrise and decrease after reaching the maximum at noon;both peak values and their appearing time are different slightly. The order of ratios that each component account for net radiation under two typical weather conditions is the same with that of averages during the growing season. The variation trends of each component and net radiation are same with a single peak on sunny day, while those are not significant on cloudy day.