野生动物
野生動物
야생동물
CHINESE WILDLIFE
2012年
4期
225-230
,共6页
调查%鹤类%饲养%种群
調查%鶴類%飼養%種群
조사%학류%사양%충군
Survey%Cranes%Raising%Population
报道了中国动物园协会主要饲养鹤类会员单位的鹤类调查结果,目的是更好地了解中国动物园圈养鹤类的种群数量及目前会员单位鹤类饲养管理的现状、存在的问题与相关需求,从而提高鹤类饲养管理水平,最终形成健康的、可持续发展的种群。本调查于2011年8月向中国动物园协会120家会员单位发出了调查问卷,截止到2011年10月11日共收到中国动物园协会主要饲养鹤类的56家会员单位（包括动物园、野生动物园与自然保护区）的回复（回收率为46.7%）。在回复的56家单位中共饲养鹤类12种1 836只（8只杂交鹤除外）。种群数量比1997年增加了58.4%。近一半的单位认为饲养设施处于一般水平。近80%的鹤类向游客展出,并且大部分都采用成群饲养的展出方式。有85%的单位能够实现个体识别,更多的单位选择脚环和芯片标识鹤类。在人工育雏过程中,雏鹤的腿病和由于混养引起打斗而造成的外伤是存在的主要问题。疾病是造成全国圈养鹤类死亡的主要原因,其次是由于外伤造成骨折引起的死亡。各会员单位希望今后能够开展鹤类性别鉴定、人工育雏、人工授精的培训。根据本次调查结果,提出了8项建议。
報道瞭中國動物園協會主要飼養鶴類會員單位的鶴類調查結果,目的是更好地瞭解中國動物園圈養鶴類的種群數量及目前會員單位鶴類飼養管理的現狀、存在的問題與相關需求,從而提高鶴類飼養管理水平,最終形成健康的、可持續髮展的種群。本調查于2011年8月嚮中國動物園協會120傢會員單位髮齣瞭調查問捲,截止到2011年10月11日共收到中國動物園協會主要飼養鶴類的56傢會員單位（包括動物園、野生動物園與自然保護區）的迴複（迴收率為46.7%）。在迴複的56傢單位中共飼養鶴類12種1 836隻（8隻雜交鶴除外）。種群數量比1997年增加瞭58.4%。近一半的單位認為飼養設施處于一般水平。近80%的鶴類嚮遊客展齣,併且大部分都採用成群飼養的展齣方式。有85%的單位能夠實現箇體識彆,更多的單位選擇腳環和芯片標識鶴類。在人工育雛過程中,雛鶴的腿病和由于混養引起打鬥而造成的外傷是存在的主要問題。疾病是造成全國圈養鶴類死亡的主要原因,其次是由于外傷造成骨摺引起的死亡。各會員單位希望今後能夠開展鶴類性彆鑒定、人工育雛、人工授精的培訓。根據本次調查結果,提齣瞭8項建議。
보도료중국동물완협회주요사양학류회원단위적학류조사결과,목적시경호지료해중국동물완권양학류적충군수량급목전회원단위학류사양관리적현상、존재적문제여상관수구,종이제고학류사양관리수평,최종형성건강적、가지속발전적충군。본조사우2011년8월향중국동물완협회120가회원단위발출료조사문권,절지도2011년10월11일공수도중국동물완협회주요사양학류적56가회원단위（포괄동물완、야생동물완여자연보호구）적회복（회수솔위46.7%）。재회복적56가단위중공사양학류12충1 836지（8지잡교학제외）。충군수량비1997년증가료58.4%。근일반적단위인위사양설시처우일반수평。근80%적학류향유객전출,병차대부분도채용성군사양적전출방식。유85%적단위능구실현개체식별,경다적단위선택각배화심편표식학류。재인공육추과정중,추학적퇴병화유우혼양인기타두이조성적외상시존재적주요문제。질병시조성전국권양학류사망적주요원인,기차시유우외상조성골절인기적사망。각회원단위희망금후능구개전학류성별감정、인공육추、인공수정적배훈。근거본차조사결과,제출료8항건의。
This paper reports the results of crane surveys conducted in the member institutions of Chinese Association of Zoological Gardens（CAZG）.The survey aimed at a better understanding of the populations of captive cranes in Chinese zoos and the current situation,problems,and related needs of cranes and management of member institutions.Our goal was to improve crane rearing and management and ultimately to develop healthy and sustainable populations.A questionnaire survey went to 120 member institutions of CAZG in August 2011,and 56 completed（46.7%）questionnaires were retrieved from 56 member institutions by October 11,2011.These were institutions that raise cranes,including zoos,wild animal parks,and nature reserves. According to the survey,there were 1836 cranes（excluding 8 hybrids）of 12 species raised in the 56 member institutions. The population increased by 58.4%from 1997.Facilities in nearly half of the institutions were at a general level.Nearly 80%of the cranes were on exhibit to public and most of them were raised and exhibited in flocks.85%of the institutions could achieve individual recognition.Most of the institutions use band and ID microchips for individual recognition.The main problems in captive rearing period were leg illness among crane chicks and physical wounds caused by fighting in mixed flocks.For captive cranes,the main cause of death is disease,followed by fracture caused by trauma.Member institutions hope to carry out relevant training on sex determination,artificial brood and insemination of cranes.According to the survey results,8 recommendataions were proposed.
