CAJ | 학술논문

由于中国当前的矿山环境保护政策尚不能从根本上解决矿山环境的主要问题，作为责任主体的矿山企业不能积极主动实施矿山环境治理与恢复。矿山环境治理恢复保证金是为了保证采矿权人履行矿山环境治理恢复义务而缴纳的资金。建立矿山环境治理恢复保证金制度就是为了贯彻“谁污染、谁治理；谁破坏，谁恢复”的环保原则，促进采矿权人在采矿过程中保护矿山环境，并确保在闭坑、停办、关闭后受破坏的矿山生态环境得到治理恢复的一项特别的经济手段和措施。实施保证金制度可以更好地促进矿产资源开发的外部成本内部化，是矿山环境保护必要且有效的形式。
유우중국당전적광산배경보호정책상불능종근본상해결광산배경적주요문제，작위책임주체적광산기업불능적겁주동실시광산배경치리여회복。광산배경치리회복보증금시위료보증채광권인리행광산배경치리회복의무이격납적자금。건립광산배경치리회복보증금제도취시위료관철“수오염、수치리；수파배，수회복”적배보원칙，촉진채광권인재채광과정중보호광산배경，병학보재폐갱、정판、관폐후수파배적광산생태배경득도치리회복적일항특별적경제수단화조시。실시보증금제도가이경호지촉진광산자원개발적외부성본내부화，시광산배경보호필요차유효적형식。
Current Chinese environmental policies can not solve the main problems of mining environment fundamentally. The mining companies, main subjects of the responsibility, lack the initiatives to protect and restore the environment. Deposit of Min- ing Environment Restoration is a fund to ensure the mining companies to perform their obligations of implementing environmental protection and restoration. It is a special economic means. The intention of establishing the deposit system is to promote the min- ing companies to protect environment during mining, and restore the ecological environment when the mine is closed. Implementa- tion of this system will internalize the external costs of mineral resources exploitation. It is an effective and necessary form to pro- tect the mining environment.