水利学报
水利學報
수리학보
2013年
10期
1197-1203
,共7页
杨小林%朱波%李义玲%花可可
楊小林%硃波%李義玲%花可可
양소림%주파%리의령%화가가
紫色土区%改进型DNDC模型%率定和验证%相似小流域%拓展验证
紫色土區%改進型DNDC模型%率定和驗證%相似小流域%拓展驗證
자색토구%개진형DNDC모형%솔정화험증%상사소류역%탁전험증
purple soil area%biogeochemistry-based model%calibration and validation%similar watershed%extended validation
以长江上游紫色土区截流堰小流域和大兴小流域为研究对象，应用改进型DNDC（Enhanced Denitrification Decomposition Model）模型对紫色土区小流域径流、泥沙和氮流失过程进行模拟研究。采用截流堰小流域2007-2009年和2010-2011年径流、泥沙及氮迁移监测数据分别进行模型参数率定和验证，检验模型在紫色土区的适用性，然后利用大兴小流域2011年水文、水质监测数据对该模型进行拓展验证，探讨模型在具相似空间结构特征的小流域尺度拓展的可行性。结果显示：率定期和验证期月径流、土壤侵蚀、氮流失Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数大多超过0.80，相对误差均在16.36%以内。拓展验证期，月径流、土壤侵蚀、总氮（TN）和颗粒态氮（PN）的Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数分别为0.70、0.55、0.76和0.71，相对误差分别为6.2%、31.2%、9.5%和30.4%。改进型DNDC模型能较好模拟紫色土区小流域径流、泥沙和氮迁移过程，但尺度拓展过程中泥沙、颗粒态氮的模拟偏差有所增大。
以長江上遊紫色土區截流堰小流域和大興小流域為研究對象，應用改進型DNDC（Enhanced Denitrification Decomposition Model）模型對紫色土區小流域徑流、泥沙和氮流失過程進行模擬研究。採用截流堰小流域2007-2009年和2010-2011年徑流、泥沙及氮遷移鑑測數據分彆進行模型參數率定和驗證，檢驗模型在紫色土區的適用性，然後利用大興小流域2011年水文、水質鑑測數據對該模型進行拓展驗證，探討模型在具相似空間結構特徵的小流域呎度拓展的可行性。結果顯示：率定期和驗證期月徑流、土壤侵蝕、氮流失Nash-Sutcliffe效率繫數大多超過0.80，相對誤差均在16.36%以內。拓展驗證期，月徑流、土壤侵蝕、總氮（TN）和顆粒態氮（PN）的Nash-Sutcliffe效率繫數分彆為0.70、0.55、0.76和0.71，相對誤差分彆為6.2%、31.2%、9.5%和30.4%。改進型DNDC模型能較好模擬紫色土區小流域徑流、泥沙和氮遷移過程，但呎度拓展過程中泥沙、顆粒態氮的模擬偏差有所增大。
이장강상유자색토구절류언소류역화대흥소류역위연구대상，응용개진형DNDC（Enhanced Denitrification Decomposition Model）모형대자색토구소류역경류、니사화담류실과정진행모의연구。채용절류언소류역2007-2009년화2010-2011년경류、니사급담천이감측수거분별진행모형삼수솔정화험증，검험모형재자색토구적괄용성，연후이용대흥소류역2011년수문、수질감측수거대해모형진행탁전험증，탐토모형재구상사공간결구특정적소류역척도탁전적가행성。결과현시：솔정기화험증기월경류、토양침식、담류실Nash-Sutcliffe효솔계수대다초과0.80，상대오차균재16.36%이내。탁전험증기，월경류、토양침식、총담（TN）화과립태담（PN）적Nash-Sutcliffe효솔계수분별위0.70、0.55、0.76화0.71，상대오차분별위6.2%、31.2%、9.5%화30.4%。개진형DNDC모형능교호모의자색토구소류역경류、니사화담천이과정，단척도탁전과정중니사、과립태담적모의편차유소증대。
In this study, a hydrology-biogeochemistry-based (enhanced DNDC model) model was employed to simulate the water quantity and water quality in two separate but similar watersheds in the hilly area of purple soil. The enhanced DNDC model was calibrated with data in a period of 36 months (2007-2009) and validated with data of 24 months period (2010-2011) in Jieliuyan watershed, and extended validated with data of 12 months period (2011) in Daxing watershed. The primary objective of this study was to com-pare hydrology,sediment and nitrogen simulation results in two separate,but similar,watersheds. The simu-lation results of monthly discharge, sediment and nitrogen show that the enhanced DNDC model performed satisfactorily in the study area (Ens=0.90, 0.92, 0.89, and 0.88 in calibration period and Ens=0.83, 0.87, 0.74, and 0.52 in validation period for discharge, sediment yield, total nitrogen and particulate nitrogen, respectively). The results indicate that the enhanced DNDC model is an appropriate model for the non-point source nitrogen pollution simulations in purple soil area. The possibility of extended validation has been proved due to the encouraging results during the extended validation period. However,lower Ens and larger Re for sediment yield and particulate nitrogen were observed in the extended validation period in a larger watershed due to the model weakness of channel process.
