CAJ | 학술논문

试验以强抗寒性品种‘延油2号’为母本,丰产性品种‘天油2号’为父本进行杂交,后代群体置于-28℃~-25℃大田条件下自然越冬选择,育成了高产、抗寒、早熟的强抗寒性白菜型冬油菜品种‘陇油9号’.该品种平均株高111.7 cm,有效分枝数为10.0个,主花序长度42.3 cm,主花序结角数43.0个,全株结角数112.7个,角粒数21.2粒,角果长度6.0 cm,千粒质量3.3 g,单株产量11.3 g,生育期286 d,含油率43.37%,产量143.21 kg/667m2,较对照‘天油2号’增产2.47%~13.56%.‘陇油9号’可抗-27.0℃极端低温,在新疆乌鲁木齐、北京、青海和甘肃兰州以北及河西走廊的张掖、武威能够安全越冬,越冬率80%~90%；熟期早,在北方地区常年于5月底至6月初成熟,适宜作马铃薯、油葵、大豆、蔬菜等作物的前茬.该品种的推广将有效解决我国北方旱寒区冬油菜越冬问题及早熟性与抗寒性的矛盾.
시험이강항한성품충‘연유2호’위모본,봉산성품충‘천유2호’위부본진행잡교,후대군체치우-28℃~-25℃대전조건하자연월동선택,육성료고산、항한、조숙적강항한성백채형동유채품충‘롱유9호’.해품충평균주고111.7 cm,유효분지수위10.0개,주화서장도42.3 cm,주화서결각수43.0개,전주결각수112.7개,각립수21.2립,각과장도6.0 cm,천립질량3.3 g,단주산량11.3 g,생육기286 d,함유솔43.37%,산량143.21 kg/667m2,교대조‘천유2호’증산2.47%~13.56%.‘롱유9호’가항-27.0℃겁단저온,재신강오로목제、북경、청해화감숙란주이북급하서주랑적장액、무위능구안전월동,월동솔80%~90%；숙기조,재북방지구상년우5월저지6월초성숙,괄의작마령서、유규、대두、소채등작물적전치.해품충적추엄장유효해결아국북방한한구동유채월동문제급조숙성여항한성적모순.
‘Longyou No.9 ’was developed from the cross with female ‘Yanyou No.2 ’and male‘Tianyou No.2’.‘Yanyou No.2’was an elite cold-tolerant cultivar and ‘Tianyou No.2’was a high yield cultivar.The high-yielding,excellent cold-resistant and early-maturing winter type Brassica rapa variety-‘Longyou No.9’was derived from natural selections among progeny generations under field conditions (-25~-28 ℃).The cultivar has a life cycle of 286 days.The plant is 111.7 cm high,with 10 effective bran-ches and 43.2 cm long main inflorescence with 43 pods (siliques)on each main inflorescence.Single plant has 112.7 pods,each pod is 6.0 cm long with 21.2 seeds.Thousand seed weight is 3.3 g and the seed oil content is 43.37%.Yield was 11.3 g/plant and 143.21 kg/667m2 ,with 2.47%~13.56% of higher com-pared with the control line ‘Tianyou No.2’.The plant is resistant to extreme low temperature (-27 ℃) and can successfully survive the winter in Urumchi of Xinj iang,Beij ing,Qinghai,north of Lanzhou,and Zhangye and Wuwei of Hexi Corridor,and the winter survival ratio reached 80%~90%.The cultivar rea-ches maturity as early as the end of May to early June in northern China.It can be used as a fore-rotating crop for potato,sunflower,soybean,vegetables or other crops.Extension of this variety will efficiently solve the problem of winter survival and contradiction of early-maturity and cold resistance for winter type rapeseed in dry and cold regions of northern China.