CAJ | 학술논문

试验选择721头甘南牦牛,应用PCR-SSCP技术检测ANK1基因启动子区多态性,并分析基因突变对胴体及肉质性状的影响.结果表明：甘南牦牛ANK1基因启动子区多态性丰富,检测出4处 SNPs对应4种等位基因A、B、C、D,等位基因C和基因型CC频率分别为0.5597和0.3840,为优势等位基因及优势基因型；ANK1基因启动子区突变对各年龄甘南牦牛肉质性状影响不同,基因型 CC与4岁牦牛宰后肌肉嫩度及5岁牦牛失水率显著相关(P<0.05),等位基因C与4岁甘南牦牛失水率、眼肌面积及嫩度显著(P<0.05)关联；甘南牦牛胴体及肉质性状在各基因型和等位基因间的变化趋势基本相同,即BC型个体宰后肌肉嫩度剪切力值最低而 BB型最高,AA 和BB型个体肌肉有较好的保持水分的能力而BC型个体最差,AA 型个体眼肌面积最小,而携带等位基因 C 的个体肌肉嫩度剪切力值小而眼肌面积大,但肌肉失水率高.甘南牦牛ANK 1基因启动子区突变可作为胴体及肉质性状的基因标记,选择BC基因型个体或等位基因C,可改善牦牛群体的宰后肌肉嫩度,增加眼肌面积,但可能使肌肉保持水分的能力下降.
시험선택721두감남모우,응용PCR-SSCP기술검측ANK1기인계동자구다태성,병분석기인돌변대동체급육질성상적영향.결과표명：감남모우ANK1기인계동자구다태성봉부,검측출4처 SNPs대응4충등위기인A、B、C、D,등위기인C화기인형CC빈솔분별위0.5597화0.3840,위우세등위기인급우세기인형；ANK1기인계동자구돌변대각년령감남모우육질성상영향불동,기인형 CC여4세모우재후기육눈도급5세모우실수솔현저상관(P<0.05),등위기인C여4세감남모우실수솔、안기면적급눈도현저(P<0.05)관련；감남모우동체급육질성상재각기인형화등위기인간적변화추세기본상동,즉BC형개체재후기육눈도전절력치최저이 BB형최고,AA 화BB형개체기육유교호적보지수분적능력이BC형개체최차,AA 형개체안기면적최소,이휴대등위기인 C 적개체기육눈도전절력치소이안기면적대,단기육실수솔고.감남모우ANK 1기인계동자구돌변가작위동체급육질성상적기인표기,선택BC기인형개체혹등위기인C,가개선모우군체적재후기육눈도,증가안기면적,단가능사기육보지수분적능력하강.
Polymorphism in the promoter region of ANK1 was detected using PCR-SSCP in 721 Gannan yaks,and the association between variations and the carcass and meat traits were analyzed.High polymor-phism was found and four SNPs corresponding to four novel alleles A,B,C and D were detected in the pro-moter region of ANK1 gene in Gannan yak.The allele C and genotype CC were the most common allele and genotype with the frequency of 0.559 5 and 0.384 0,respectively.Variations in the promoter region of ANK1 gene affected carcass and meat quality traits of Gannan yak at different age.Genotype CC was asso-ciated with tenderness of yaks at the age of four and water loss rate at age of five (P<0.05),allele C was associated with water loss rate,eye muscle area and tenderness of yak at age of four (P<0.05).The same trend for carcass and meat quality traits was observed in different genotypes and alleles.These yaks with the genotype BC have the lowest share force value,but genotype BB was the highest.Yaks with the geno-type AA and BB have better water-holding capacity than those with the genotype BC,as well as these indi-viduals with the genotype AA have the smallest eye muscle area.These individuals with the presence of al-lele C have lower shear force value and bigger eye muscle area,but also showed higher water loss rate.Var-iations in the promoter of ANK1 gene could be used as genetic markers for carcass and meat quality traits of Gannan yak.The selection of individuals with the genotype BC or allele C may improve the muscle ten-derness and increase eye muscle area,but could be reduced water-holding capacity in progeny of Gannan yak.